催熟剂对油菜角果光合特性、品质及产量的影响  

Effects of Chemical Ripeners on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pods and Rapeseed Quality and Yield

作　　者：周可金[1,2] 官春云[1] 肖文娜[2] 谭太龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院/国家油料改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙410128 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《作物学报》2009年第7期1369-1373,共5页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：引进国际先进农业科学技术计划(948计划)项目(2006-G04);国际植物营养研究所项目(Anhui-17);安徽省教育厅项目(KJ2007B297)资助

摘　　要：通过气体交换等技术研究不同浓度的敌草快和农达催熟油菜角果引起的光合速率与气体交换参数、叶绿素含量以及千粒重、产量与含油量的变化。结果表明,敌草快催熟速度快、效果好,但对角果皮叶绿素破坏严重,光合效率低,光能利用率下降,千粒重、产量与品质降低较多,且浓度越高降低越多;农达催熟效果慢,但对角果伤害小,光合效率较高,对产量与品质影响较小。油菜产量、含油量与角果皮光合效率、叶绿素含量之间相关显著,表明油菜产量形成与油分积累和后期角果光能利用效率密切相关。生产上推荐使用0.1%低浓度敌草快或0.8%高浓度农达有利于促进角果成熟和减少产量损失。We investigated the effects of chemical ripeners Diguat and Roundup on photosynthetic rate, gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll content in pods, 1000-grain weight and yield and oil content through gas exchange measuring technology during the latest stage of pod growth. The ripener Diquat, with a good effect on accelerating pods ripening, damaged pod peel chlorophyll seriously, decreased photosynthetic rate, and light-energy utilization efficiency rapidly, so that the 1000-grain weight, yield and quality decreased largely, which sensitively depends on the Diquat content. In comparison, the ripener Roundup, with a slow effect on pods ripening, had a less harm on pod growth and a higher photosynthetic rate, so that the yield and quality of grains were higher. Our investigations disclosed a close relationship of grain yield and oil content with Pn and chlorophyll content, proving the importance of utilization efficiency of light energy in the latest stage of pods ripening on the grain yield and oil accumulation. In production, we recommend an appropriate ripener recipe of 0.1% Diguat or 0.8% Roundup for accelerating pods ripening with a less loss of the grain yield.

关 键 词：油菜角果 光合特性 叶绿素含量 催熟剂 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] TS221[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]