高耐盐性吸水树脂在新疆盐渍土治理中的应用试验  

Applied Experimentation of the Super Resistance-salt Absorbent Resin in Saline Soil of Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region

作　　者：姚美芹[1] 买买提江.依米提 赵青宝[1] 殷德刚[1] 司马义.努尔拉 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2009年第4期215-219,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

摘　　要：采用紫外(UV)光引发法合成了高吸水树脂聚丙烯酸(钠),吸蒸馏水倍率4100g/g,吸盐水(质量分数0.9%的NaCl溶液)倍率达405g/g。并用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和热重分析(TG)对其进行了表征。通过室内模拟试验,探讨了砂土和溶液中水量、时间、pH值、温度、肥料对聚丙烯酸钠吸液倍率的影响;通过盆栽试验进一步研究了聚丙烯酸钠对土壤保水性能及出苗影响。试验结果表明:(1)在砂土中,聚丙烯酸钠的吸液倍率比溶液中低,吸液饱和时间比溶液中长;(2)pH值(4～11),温度(20℃～70℃)对聚丙烯酸钠吸液倍率影响不大;(3)非电解质肥料对吸液倍率影响很小,电解质肥料对吸液倍率影响较大;(4)盆栽实验表明该聚丙烯酸钠对提高出苗率及土壤保水有很大改善。A super absorbent resin based on acrylic acid has been successfully prepared by Ultraviolet Photo- initiated（UV）using polyvinyl alcohol as a crosslinking agent. The magnicide absorption amount of the resin for distilled water reached 4 100 g/g and for sodium chloride solution in concentration of 0.9 %, reached 405 g/g. The polymer was characterized by FTIR and TG. The effects of the quantity of water, time, pH, tem- perature, and fertilizer on the liquid absorbency of polyacrylate sodium in sandy soil and solution were then studied by indoor simulation experiment and the effects of polyacrylate sodium on the resistance water and germinating capacity were also investigated. Results showed that （1） the liquid absorbency rate in sandy soil was less than that in solution and the time of absorption saturation was longer than that in solution; （2） the effects of pH（4~10）, temperature（20 ℃～70℃）, and the nonelectrolytes fertilizer on liquid absorbency were rather small; （3） the liquid absorbency was heavily influenced by the electrolytes fertilizer; （4） the re- sult of potted plant experiment showed that the poly（acrylate sodium） greatly improved exaltating seedling rate and soil water holding capacity.

关 键 词：高吸水树脂 聚乙烯醇 紫外光辐照法 砂土 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学] TQ325[农业科学—农业基础科学]