烤烟气候性斑点病与植株和土壤的营养关系  

Relationship of Climatic Scab and Nutrition of Flue-cured Tobacco and Soil

作　　者：杨绍聪[1] 张艳军[1] 吕艳玲[1] 段永华[1] 张军云[1] 费勇 饶敏[1] 廖凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省玉溪市农业科学研究所,云南玉溪653100 [2]云南省澄江县农业技术推广站,云南澄江652500

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第14期168-172,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：玉溪市农业科学研究所科研项目"不同前作及施肥对田烟产量及质量影响系统研究"(YNKJ2004001)

摘　　要：针对在玉溪市烤烟生产上常发生的烤烟气候性斑点病问题,采用田间调查、采集配对样品与室内检测分析相结合的方法,以根际土壤及植株各部位叶片等为探索对象,从病害在田间分布及叶片养分变化等方面开展了研究。结果表明,在烤烟初花期气候性斑点病发生叶位以第4～7叶位(由下至上)的叶片发生较多(占83.5%);发生气候性斑点病的烟株,内因是由于植株N、Ca、Mg含量过高而K含量不足,从而提高了N/K、Mg/K及Ca/K比值,导致N、K、Ca、Mg营养不平衡,而外因气候条件只是一个诱发因子。其根本原因是由于土壤有效氮(特别是速效的NO3-与NH4+)及交换性Ca、Mg含量过高,有效K含量过低所致。This article in view of the tobacco climate scab question which often occurs in Yuxi tobacco production. Taking the rhizosphere soil and the leaves of all part position of plant as the exploration object, the distribution of disease in the field and the change of leaf nutrient had been researched by the method which combined field investigation, gathering pair samples and detection and analyze indoor. The results showed that climate scab mostly （83.5%） occurred on between 4^th to 7^th leaf （From down to up） during the earliest of an thesis. The internal factor was that it contented overmuch Nitrogen, Calcium and Magnesium but lack of Potassium in the plants of tobacco which climate scab occurred on. Thus the rates of N/K, Mg/K and Ca/K were increased that resulted in unbalancing of among Nitrogen, Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium but the climate situation （external factor） was the induced factor. Also, the basic reason what with overtop content effective Nitrogen （especially NO3^- and NH4^＋） and interchanging Magnesium and Potassium and lower content effective Potassium in the soil.

关 键 词：烤烟 气候性斑点病 土壤养分 烟叶营养 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S432.32[农业科学—作物学]