水菖蒲不同提取物对德国小蠊的生物活性比较  

Comparison of Biological Activity of Acorus calamus with Different Extract Methods against Blattella germanica

作　　者：胡裕进[1] 杨伟秋[1] 蔡万伦[1] 杨长举[1] 华红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学城市有害生物防治研究所,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第14期213-217,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关计划项目"植物杀虫剂在储粮害虫防治中的应用与示范"(2004BA523B03-02)

摘　　要：分别比较了水菖蒲根茎5种不同溶剂和4种不同提取方法的提取物对德国小蠊3龄若虫和雄成虫的杀虫活性。先考察了水菖蒲根茎甲醇、乙醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿、石油醚5种有机溶剂冷浸提取物的触杀活性,结果表明水菖蒲甲醇浸提物对德国小蠊具有更好的杀虫活性。在浓度22mg/ml处理120h后,德国小蠊3龄若虫、雄成虫死亡率分别达到96.67%和100%。后研究了冷浸法、索式提取法、超声波萃取、超临界CO2萃取4种方法得到的水菖蒲提取对德国小蠊的触杀活性。浓度10mg/ml超临界CO2萃取物处理24h后,德国小蠊3龄若虫、雄成虫死亡率分别为96.25%和78.75%。结果表明超临界CO2萃取物对德国小蠊具有更优的杀虫活性。Insecticidal activity of five kinds of different solvents and four kinds of methods extracts of Acorus calamus rhizome against third instar larvae and adult male of Blattella germanica were investigated, respectively. Firstly, Insecticidal activity of the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol soakage rhizome extracts of A. calamus were compared against B. germanica, methanol soakage extract produced higher mortality. The mortality of third instar larvae and adult male was observed after 120 hours of exposure at the concentration of 22 mg/ml was 96.67% and 100%, respectively. In succession, Insecticidal activity of four kinds of methods extracts of A. calamus rhizome against B.germanica were studied, respectively. Supercritical fluid （CO2） extract presented significantly the higher activity than the other three. The mortality of third instar larvae and adult male was observed after 24 hours of exposure at the concentration of 10mg/ml was 96.25% and 78.75%, respectively. So, the highest mortality was found in supercritical fluid extract of A. calamus rhizome against third instar larvae and adult male of B.germanica.

关 键 词：水菖蒲 德国小蠊 提取方法 触杀活性 

分 类 号：S3[农业科学—农艺学]