新生儿监护病房中早产儿医院感染的原因分析及护理对策  

Risk factors of nosocomial infection in prematures in NICU and effective prophylactic nursing method

作　　者：邓玉英[1] 郭梁[1] 邝文英[1] 黄辉文[1] 赵香枝 伍平[1] 贺少琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]珠海市妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《临床和实验医学杂志》2009年第8期114-115,共2页Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查分析新生儿监护病房(NICU)中早产儿医院感染的危险因素,采取有效的护理对策。方法回顾性调查分析2007～2008年75例NICU中早产儿医院感染的高危原因,同时进行环境卫生学等监测。结果NICU中早产儿医院感染率为6.62%,其中以下呼吸道感染为主,发生率为53.33%,胎龄≤32周感染率为12.25%,体质量<2000g感染率为10.45%,外周穿刺中心静脉置管(PICC)患儿感染率为14.29%。结论早产儿胎龄小、体质量轻、侵入性操作、空气流通差及手卫生不真正落实等是早产儿医院感染的高危因素。实行保护性隔离,严格手卫生制度,做好环境管理,防止交叉感染,严格执行诊疗常规,减少侵入性操作,是减少早产儿医院感染的发生的有效措施。Objective To study the risk factors for nosocomial infection in prematures in NICU and to search effective nursing method for their prevention. Methods The data of risk factors for nosocomial infection in 75 cases from 2007 to 2008 were retrospeetively analyzed. Simultaneously the monitoring for environmental sanitation was also carr/ed out. Results The incidence rate of nosocomial infection in prematures was 6. 62% , and they were mainly manifested as infections in lower respiratory tract occupied about 53.33%. The incidence rate of infection in prema- tures younger than 32 weeks was 12.25%, the incidence tale in prematures with birth weight lower than 2 000 g was 10.45%, and it was 14. 29% in prematures using PICC. Conclusion The risk factors of prematures to nosocomial infeeton were lower birth weight, short pregnant duration, invasive handling, bad ventilation and bad hand disinfection. A programme for controlling nosocomial infection should include active surveillance and strict adherence to hand disinfection policy, better environment management, avoiding crossing infection and invasive procedure, stricdy complying diagnosis and treatment criteria.

关 键 词：NICU 早产儿 医院感染 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]