淮北平原有无作物生长条件下潜水蒸发规律试验  

Experiment on phreatic evaporation of bare soil and soil with crop in Huaibei plain

作　　者：王振龙[1,2] 刘淼[3] 李瑞 

机构地区：[1]安徽省水利水资源重点试验室,蚌埠233000 [2]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036 [3]江苏省水文水资源勘测局,南京210029

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2009年第6期26-32,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：水利部“948”创新计划项目(CT200616);水利部重大公益项目(200801068)联合资助

摘　　要：为进一步探索淮北平原不同土壤有无植被生长条件下潜水蒸发与地下水位的变化规律,该文依据五道沟实验站地中蒸渗仪60个原状测筒观测资料,从零埋深、埋深增加和临界埋深3个方面,比较了不同土壤有无植被潜水蒸发的差异,分析了潜水蒸发与气象要素的相关关系。通过逐日和逐旬参数拟合,得到砂礓黑土和黄潮土6个潜水蒸发最优公式及相关参数,建议使用彭曼公式计算的蒸发能力代替实测水面蒸发以提高拟和效果;沿着裸土潜水蒸发加作物多耗水量计算作物潜水蒸发的思路,推荐采用作物各生育期和埋深的多耗水量统计方法计算有作物潜水蒸发量,该方法较简便且适用性强,精度较高。Sixty lysimeter experimental data of Wudaogou test station were used for further studying on the variation rules between phreatic evaporation and groundwater level under different soil types and vegetation conditions in Huaibei plain, China. The differences of phreatic evaporation between bare soil and soil with crop were compared from three aspects of zero groundwater burial depth, depth increased and critical depth, and the relationships between phreatic evaporation and meteorological factors were also analyzed. Six phreatic evaporation optimal formulas and correlation parameters for lime concretion black soil and fluvo-aquic soil were obtained by daily and ten days data fitting. The evaporation capacity calculated by Penman-Monteith formula was in place of observed values to improve the fitting accuracy. Taking bare soil phreatic evaporation plus increased-water consumption of crop as the total evaporation in vegetation area, increased-water consumption statistical method in different growth stages and burial depthes is recommended for phreatic evaporation calculation in vegetation areas, and it is a simple, applicable and high accuracy method.

关 键 词：潜水蒸发 野外试验 有无作物生长 作物多耗水量 淮北平原 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]