铬对玉米和黄瓜种子萌发及幼苗早期生长的影响  

Effects of Cr^(2+) on Seeds Germination and Seedlings Early Growth of Corn and Cucumber

作　　者：郑爱珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]商丘师范学院生命科学系,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《种子》2009年第7期11-13,17,共4页Seed

基　　金：河南省科技厅自然科学基金项目(0511030200);河南省教育厅科技攻关项目(200510483005)

摘　　要：采用室内水培方法研究不同浓度重金属铬对玉米和黄瓜籽粒萌发、幼苗生长及叶片叶绿素含量的影响,并比较了玉米和黄瓜对铬耐受性的差异。结果表明:玉米和黄瓜发芽势、发芽率、胁迫率、活力指数和幼苗的芽长、根长、芽重、根重、叶绿素含量在低铬浓度(0.5、1、5mg/L)下呈上升趋势,当铬浓度达到10mg/L时,玉米和黄瓜种子发芽率下降,幼苗生长受到抑制,且对根的抑制作用比芽明显。玉米在铬浓度为5mg/L时毒害已发生,活力指数下降较缓慢;而黄瓜在铬浓度为10mg/L时才发生毒害,且活力指数下降较快,玉米较黄瓜表现出一定的耐受力。0.5mg/L的铬浓度处理,玉米幼苗的早期生长最为明显,而促进黄瓜幼苗生长最为明显的铬浓度为1mg/L。低浓度的铬使玉米和黄瓜的叶绿素a、b含量均呈上升趋势。当铬浓度达到20mg/L时,玉米和黄瓜的叶绿素含量开始下降直至减半,且叶绿素a比叶绿素b含量下降快。With the indoor water cultivation methods, this paper studied the effects of different concertration chromium on seeds germination, seedlings growth and Chlorophyll content of corn and cucumber, and compared their differences of tolerance to chromium. The results showed that germination energy, germination rate, stress rate, vigor index, bud length of seedlings, root length, weight of buds and roots, and chlorophyll content of corn and cucumber showed upward tendency in low concentrations of chromium, such as 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 5 mg/L. When chromium concentration was 10 mg/L,seeds germination rate of corn and cucumber decreased, seedling growth were inhibited, and the inhibition for root was obvious than that of buds. The poison on corn occurred since 5 mg/L, the activity index decreased slowly. But cucumber seeds were poisoned at 10 mg/L chromium, and the activity index decreased very quickly. This phenomenon showed that corn seed had stronger tolerance than cucumber seeds for chromium. The most promotion for corn seedlings early growth was 0.5 mg/ L,and for cucumber seeds was 1 mg/L. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content of corn and cucumber seedlings were increased in low chromium concentration. Chlorophyll content of corn and cucumber seedlings began to decrease at 20 mg/L, and chlorophyll a content decreased more faster than that of chlorophyll b.

关 键 词：铬 玉米 黄瓜 种子萌发 幼苗生长 叶绿素含量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S642.2