北京西山地区油松人工林近自然化改造效果评价  

Assessment on Close-to-nature Transformation of Pinus tabulaeformis Plantations in Xishan Region,Beijing

作　　者：宁金魁[1] 陆元昌[2] 赵浩彦[1] 刘宪钊[2] 任云卯 陈峻崎[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]中国林业科学研究院 [3]北京西山试验林场 [4]北京市园林绿化国际合作项目管理办公室

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第7期42-44,共3页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：北京市科委重大课题(D0706001000091);国家林业局“948”课题(2004-4-39)资助

摘　　要：为了促使北京山区油松人工林向发挥多功能目标的森林结构转变,在近自然森林经营理念和技术指导下对西山地区51年生的油松人工林进行改造,并于2005年调查和设计,2006年初完成近自然森林改造的第1次作业。对固定观测样地的调查结果表明:经过近自然化改造,样地的Shannon-Wienner指数分别从0.1217、0.9404提高到0.9174、1.4921。油松林的林下更新层物种变化较大。大叶白蜡、栾树、构树等树种的天然更新,再通过播种补入栓皮栎,提高了林下更新的数量和质量。相对于未进行近自然化改造的林分,改造过的油松林,林木年生长量较高,林分结构得到了改善。Pinus tabulaeformis plantation is one of the popular forest types in mountainous area in Beijing. However, the ecologi- cal service functions are difficult to be realized because of its simple stand structure, single tree composition, less understory vegetation, and low biodiversity. To make P. tabulaeformis plantations mentioned above develop towards the multifunction forest structure, a transformation experiment under the guidance of close-to-nature forest management was carried out in 51-year-old P. tabulaeformis plantations in Xishan region, Beijing. Six P. tabulaeformis forest plots with the area of 250 square meters were established in 2005. Silvicultural practice was firstly made in the early 2006. Surveys on stand structure and regeneration of understory vegetation were conducted during 2005 and 2007. Results showed that the Shan-non-Wiener indexes of two plots managed with close-to-nature silvicultural systems increased from 0. 121 7, 0. 940 4 in 2005 to 0.917 4, 1. 429 1 in 2007, respectively. Some pioneer tree species were predominant in the understory layer, such as Fraxinus rhynchophylla, Koelreuteria paniculata and Broussonetia papyrifera. The enrichment planting of Quercus varia- bilis seedlings was also implemented. Thus the quantity and quality of regeneration were improved. Annual increment in the transformed stands was higher than that of the control stands, and the stand structure was also improved.

关 键 词：油松人工林 近自然化改造 经营效果评价 林分结构 林分更新 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学] S791.254[农业科学—林学]