盾叶薯蓣航天诱变种子实生苗的生物学特性和有效成分测定  

Seedling botanical characters and determination of effective components on Dioscorea zingerbrensis by space mutation

作　　者：吴宝成[1] 周义峰[1] 杭悦宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所江苏省植物迁地保护重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2009年第14期1773-1777,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：江苏省农业科技攻关项目(BE2001356)

摘　　要：目的:筛选优质盾叶薯蓣种质资源,探讨卫星搭载对盾叶薯蓣变异效应。方法:利用返回式卫星搭载盾叶薯蓣种子进行空间诱变处理,对空间诱变后的2个居群盾叶薯蓣的种子活力、植株生长、染色体以及薯蓣皂苷元含量进行研究。结果:空间诱变后种子表现为萌发提前,但对种子发芽率影响不明显,出现非整倍体和染色体加倍现象,二年生根状茎鲜重和薯蓣皂苷元含量显著高于对照,但三年生根状茎增重变缓,同时薯蓣皂苷元含量均有不同程度下降。结论:卫星搭载对盾叶薯蓣的种子活力有一定的促进作用,同时改变了染色体结构,二年生根状茎鲜重和薯蓣皂苷元含量显著高于对照,提供了良好的选育材料,但三年生的根状茎鲜重增长变缓,薯蓣皂苷元有下降趋势,有待进一步研究。Objective： In order to find the new varieties with different horticultural characters, and investigate the mutation effects of seeds of Dioscorea zingerbrensis. Method： The seeds were carried by a satellite into space and recovered. The space mutation effect on the germination, seedling growth, chromosomes and rhizome diosgenin content of SP1 populations of D. zingerbrensis were in- vestigated. Result. Stimulated by space environment, the seed possessed the fast germinating characteristics. Germination rate showed no change. It was also found that a few plants were aneuploid or tetraploid. Fresh rhizome weight and rhizome diosgenin content in the second year plant were remarkably higher than those of the control. However, the increasing of third year plant was slow down, and rhi- zome diosgenin content in the third year plant declined simultaneously. Conclusion： The space environment showed stimulating effects on seed germination, fresh rhizome weight and rhizome diosgenin content.

关 键 词：盾叶薯蓣 空间诱变 变异 薯蓣皂苷元 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]