坡面颗粒侵蚀的水力学机理  

Hydraulics Mechanism of Slope Particles Erosion

作　　者：吴永[1,2] 何思明[1] 沈均[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2009年第8期6-9,共4页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40572158);交通部西部科技项目(2006-318-792-85)

摘　　要：坡面流作用下的颗粒侵蚀不仅导致严重的水土流失,同时也可能诱发严重的重力地质灾害如滑坡、泥石流等。研究其发生发展的机理以及内部理论规律对减灾防灾具有至关重要的作用。以水动力学公式为基础,从坡面颗粒侵蚀的水分环境角度入手,分析了浸泡状态下松散颗粒和固定颗粒的侵蚀机理,揭示坡面水流与坡面颗粒间的相互作用关系,给出各类型侵蚀发生所对应的临界条件。最后,通过实例计算验证了理论的合理性。The slope particles erosion under slope flow not only causes the serious soil erosion, but also the heavily gravity disaster, such as landslides and debris flows. So studying the internal mechanism of the erosion becomes a very important problem in disaster reduction and prevention project. In the article, on the basis of the formula of water dynamics and the view point of particles water environment on slope surface, the erosion mechanism of slope particles has been studied. Then, by analyzing the relationship between overland flow and slope erosion, the critical conditions of erosion for different kinds of particles are given. Finally, an example is given to prove the theory.

关 键 词：坡面水流 颗粒侵蚀 水力作用 有效侵蚀力 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]