电弧放电法制备煤基炭纳米纤维及开口竹节状碳纳米管  

Fabrication of carbon nanofibres and bamboo-shaped carbon nanotubes with open ends from anthracite coal by arc discharge

作　　者：赵雪飞[1,2] 邱介山[1] 孙业新[2] 郝策[1] 孙天军[1] 崔凌威 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,大连理工大学化工学院炭素材料研究室,辽宁大连116012 [2]辽宁科技大学化工学院,辽宁鞍山114044 [3]吉林炭素集团公司,吉林吉林132000

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2009年第2期109-113,共5页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金(20022162);辽宁省教育厅基金(2004C024);国家自然科学基金(20376011);教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”项目(NCET-04-0274)~~

摘　　要：以中国白杨树无烟煤为原料,添加一定量煤焦油和沥青黏结剂制成炭棒作为阳极,采用直流电弧法制备竹节状碳纳米管及炭纳米纤维。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能量散射谱(EDS)和X射线衍射(XRD)等技术对产物进行表征。结果表明:在较低氦气压力下(0.020M Pa),采用不添加任何催化剂的无烟煤基炭棒进行电弧放电,在剩余阳极上制备得到竹节状碳纳米管和炭纳米纤维。所得竹节状碳纳米管多为开口状,直径在50nm左右;炭纳米纤维宏观上成绒毛球形,纤维的直径在30nm^50nm之间。Bamboo-like carbon nanotube （BCNTs） with open ends, and carbon nanofibers （CNFs） were prepared from a coal-based carbon rod by a DC arc discharge. The coal-based carbon rod was made by carbonizing Chinese Bai-Yang-Shu anthracite with coal tar and pitch as binder. The BCNTs and CNFs were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It is found that BCNTs and CNFs grow as a deposit on the anode at a low helium pressure of 0. 020 MPa with the coal-based carbon rod as anode. Most of the BCNTs have an open end and a diameter of 50 nm. CNFs with a diameter of 30-50 nm form fluffy balls on the surface of the remaining anode.

关 键 词：无烟煤 竹节状碳纳米管 炭纳米纤维 直流电弧放电 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]