美国公民诉讼的原告资格及其借鉴意义  

The Standing of the Plaintiff of U.S. Citizen Suit and Its Inspiration

作　　者：齐树洁[1] 李叶丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《河北法学》2009年第9期161-165,共5页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：齐树洁主持的2007年度国家社会科学基金项目"多元化纠纷解决机制与和谐社会的构建"(07BFX069)

摘　　要：美国环境法领域中的公民诉讼制度建立于20世纪70年代,至今已有近40年的历史。其中,关于原告资格的争论一直是公民诉讼制度中最重要的问题。联邦最高法院通过Lujan和Laidlaw两个案件确立了宪法第3条所称的公民诉讼原告资格的基本判断标准。公民诉讼制度对于保障环境法律的实施具有重要的作用。对中国而言,一方面可以借鉴美国的相关经验,尽快建立我国公民诉讼制度;另一方面应当制定严格的标准,防止该制度被滥用。40 years have passed since environmental citizen-suit provision was adopted in 1970s. During the 40 years, the controversy over the standing of the plaintiffs is one of the mast important topics in citizen suits. The supreme court of United States conceded for the standing of an individual to sue as a plaintiff through Lujan and Laidlaw. Although citizen suit plays an important role in the enforcement of environment laws, the abuse of the provision still seems endless. From China＇ s point of view, on one hand, we should learn from the United States to establish the citizen-suit provision of our own ; on the other hand, a strict standard to prevent defects is still in need.

关 键 词：公民诉讼 原告资格 事实损害 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D925.3[政治法律—法学]