胜利超稠油催化水热裂解改质降黏研究  

Upgrading and Visbreaking of Shengli Ultra-Heavy Oil by Aqua-Thermolysis with Catalyst

作　　者：吴川[1,2] 陈艳玲[2] 王元庆[3] 杨超[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东东营257061 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)材料科学与化学工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《油田化学》2009年第2期121-123,127,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"高效稠油水热裂解降粘催化剂的结构及催化裂解动力学机理研究"(项目编号50774070)

摘　　要：简介了一种有机酸钼盐的制备方法并作为催化剂用于胜利油田郑六平二井超稠油的水热裂解降黏。通过单因素正交设计实验得到下列优化条件:反应温度200℃,反应时间24h,加入该井地层水,油水比7:3,催化剂加量为稠油质量的0.2%,pH值12;在优化条件下经催化水热裂解的实验超稠油,50℃黏度由524.5Pa.s降至14.95Pa.s,降黏率97.15%;当加入水的盐度(NaCl浓度)在7～15g/L范围或反应温度在200～320℃范围时,降黏率变化很小。经催化水热裂解后,该稠油中胶质、沥青质减少,饱和烃、芳香烃增多;N、C、S元素减少,H、O元素及H、C比增大;红外光谱分析表明催化水热裂解中可能发生如下反应:胶质的加氢脱硫;胶质、沥青质分子中支链的脱烷基;沥青质中含硫化合物通过加氢变为硫醇并分解;胶质中醇的一系列反应。The preparation of an organic acid Mo salt was presented in brief and the Mo salt was used as catalyst in aquathermolysis of a Shengli＇s ultra-heavy crude oil （UHCO） from well Zheng-6-H-2 in purpose of viscosity reduction. Following optimal reaction conditions were established through orthogonally designed single factor experiments：reaction temperature 200℃ ;reaction time 24 hrs;oil to water ratio 7：3 with formation water from the same well used;catalyst dosage 0. 2% of the mass of UHCO;pH = 12. For the UHCO having undergone the catalytic aquathermolysis under the optimal reaction conditions, the viscosity at 50℃ was decreased from 524. 5 Pa·s to 14. 95 Pa.s,or a percent viscosity reduction of 97.15% was observed. The viscosity reduction changed very slightly at the salinity（ NaCl concentration） of the water introduced varying in range 7--15 g/L or at the reaction temperature varying in range 200-- 320℃. In the catalytically aquathermolyzed UHCO the resin and asphaltene fractions were lessened and the saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions were muhipled;the elements N, C, and S were lessened and H and O were multipled with H to C ratio increased. The IR-spectrometric analysis showed some reactions oceured in the catalytic aquathermolysls：hydrodestdfurization of resin ;dealkylation of resin/asphahene branches;formation and decomposition of mereaptols produced from S-containing compounds in asphahene through hydrogenation ;series reactions of alcoholic compounds in resin.

关 键 词：超稠油 催化水热裂解 有机酸钼盐 反应条件 改质 降黏 反应机理 

分 类 号：TE624.31[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TE345