Discriminating ability of molecular markers and morphological characterization in the establishment of genetic relationships in cultivated genotypes of almond and related wild species  

作　　者：Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran Soghra Kiani Nazanin Amirbakhtiar Sadegh Mousavi Vahid Rouhi Shahram Mohammady-D Thomas M. Gradziel Lyudmyla V. Malysheva-Otto Pedro Martinez-Gomez 

机构地区：[1]Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 8818634141, P.O.Box 115, Iran [2]Scientific assistance of Payam-e-Nour University, Farokhshahr8831871337, Iran [3]Department of Plant Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA [4]Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research （IPK）, Corrensstr.3, Gatersleben 06466, Germany [5]Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Espinardo 30080, Murcia, Spain

出　　处：《Journal of Forestry Research》2009年第3期183-194,共12页林业研究（英文版）

摘　　要：A total 23 morphological traits, 19 AFLP-primer combinations, 80 RAPD primers and 32 SSR primer pair were used to compare the informativeness and efficiency of random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD）, amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） and simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers in establishing genetic relationships among 29 almond cultivars and three related wild species. SSRs presented a high level of polymorphism and greater information content, as assessed by the expected hetrozygosity, compared to AFLPs and RAPDs. The lowest values of expected hetrozygosity were obtained for AFLPs; however AFLPs showed the highest efficiency, owing to their capacity to reveal large numbers of bands per reaction, which led to high values for various types of indices of diversity. All the three techniques discriminated almond genotypes very effectively, except that SSRs failed to discriminate between ＇Monagha＇ and ＇Sefied＇ almond genotypes. The correlation coefficients of similarity were statistically significant for all the three marker systems, but were lower for the SSR data than for RAPDs and AFLPs. For all the markers, high similarity in dendrogram topologies was obtained, although some differences were observed. All the dendrograms, including that obtained by the combined use of all the marker data, reflect relationships for most of cultivars according to their geographic diffusion. AMOVA detected more variation among cultivated and related wild species of almond within each geographic group. Bootstrap analysis revealed that the number of markers used was sufficient for reliable estimation of genetic similarity and for meaningful comparisons of marker types.A 总数 23 词法特点， 19 AFLP教材联合， 80 份 RAPD 教材和 32 SSR 教材配对被用来比较随机的放大多态的 DNA ( RAPD )的增进知识的海角和效率，在在 29 杏仁栽培变种和三相关的野种之中建立基因关系放大了碎片长度多型性( AFLP )和简单顺序重复( SSR )标记。SSR 与 AFLP 和 RAPD 相比介绍了多型性和更大的信息内容的高水平，由期望的 hetrozygosity 估计了。期望的 hetrozygosity 的最低价值为 AFLP 被获得；然而， AFLP 显示出最高的效率，由于他们揭示每反应的大量乐队的能力，它为差异的索引的各种各样的类型导致了高价值。所有三种技术很有效地区别了杏仁遗传型，除了 SSR 没能在‘ M 之间区别 onagha' 和‘ S efied' 杏仁遗传型之外。类似的关联系数为所有三个标记系统是统计上重要的，但是比为 RAPD 和 AFLP 为 SSR 数据是更低的。为所有标记， dendrogram 拓扑学的高类似被获得，尽管一些差别被观察。所有 dendrograms 包括由所有标记数据的联合使用获得了那，根据他们的地理散开为大多数栽培变种反映关系。AMOVA 检测了更多的变化在之中在每个地理组以内栽培了并且联系杏仁的野种类。自举分析表明使用的标记的数字为基因类似的可靠评价并且为标记类型的有意义的比较是足够的。

关 键 词：Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms （AFLPs） Random Amplified Potymorphic DNA （RAPDs） Simple-SequenceRepeats （SSRs） GERMPLASM genetic relationships breeding prunus dulcis 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学] S513[农业科学—园艺学]