保墒灌溉条件下土壤中硝态氮分布和累积研究  

Study on the Distribution and Accumulation of Nitrate Nitrogen in Soil under Moisture-retaining Irrigation

作　　者：员学锋[1] 吴普特[2] 汪有科[2] 牛文全[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西北农林科技大学国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第22期10620-10622,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家863重大专项(2002AA224211)

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同保墒灌溉措施对夏玉米地土壤中硝态氮的分布和累积影响。[方法]以玉米作物为试材，在灌溉量为0、600、1200m3／hm2条件下，通过田间试验研究地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖、PAM处理和非覆盖处理（CK）对夏玉米收获时土壤中．硝态氮的分布和累积状况的影响。[结果]夏玉米收获后，在非灌溉条件下，各处理的硝态氮含量基本随着土壤深度的增加而递减，在灌溉条件下，则在50—70cm土壤中出现硝态氮累积凸峰。无论灌溉与否，0～100cm土壤中各处理硝态氮含量的大小顺序为：PAM处理〉CK〉地膜覆盖〉秸秆覆盖。同一保墒处理，在O～40cm土层，硝态氮累积量均随着灌溉量的增加而降低，在60～70cm土层以下则恰好相反。[结论]该研究为下茬作物的施肥提供理论指导和技术支撑。[ Objective ] The purpose was to study the effects of different measures of moisture-retaining irrigation on the distribution and accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil for summer maize. [ Method ] With maize as tested materials, under the irrigation amount of 0, 600, 1200 m3/hm2, the field experiments were carried out to study the effects of plastic fihn mulching, straw mulching, PAM processing and noncoverage treatment （CK） on the distribution and accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in soil when summer maize harvested. [ Result] When summer maize harvested, the nitrate contents in all treatments were decreased basically with the increase of the depth of soil under the non-irrigated conditions, while the accumulation convex peaks of nitrate nitrogen appeared in the soil at 50 - 70 cm under the irrigation conditions. With irrigation or not, the order of the nitrate content in soil at 0 - 100 cm for all treatments was PAM processing 〉 CK 〉 plastic film mulching 〉 straw mulching. With the same moisture treatments, the accumulation amounts of nitrate nitrogen in the soil at 0 -40 cm were all reduced along with the increase of irrigation, and that in the soil at below 60 - 70 cm was opposite. [ Conclusion ] The study provided the theoretical guidance and technical support for the fertilization of next stubble crops.

关 键 词：田间试验 保墒灌溉 硝态氮 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]