北黄海小型底栖生物丰度和生物量时空分布特征  

The Spatial-Temporal Distributional Characteristics of Meiobenthic Abundance and Biomass in the Northern Yellow Sea

作　　者：陈海燕[1] 周红[1] 慕芳红[1] 杨世超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第4期657-663,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家908专项项目(908-01-ST02);国家自然科学重点基金项目(40730847)资助

摘　　要：分别于2006年7月和2007年1,4和10月在北黄海陆架浅海水域进行小型底栖生物调查。结果表明,4个航次的小型底栖生物平均丰度分别为（1099±634）,（664±495）,（1601±837）和（524±378）ind.10 cm^-2;平均生物量分别为（1446.34±764.66）,（428.63±294.84）,（1580.53±1041.23）和（793.50±475.83）μg.dwt.10 cm^-2。共鉴定出18个小型底栖生物类群,按丰度,自由生活海洋线虫为最优势类群,4个航次的优势度分别为72%,90%,85%和74%,其他优势类群依次是桡足类、多毛类、动吻类和介形类;按生物量依次是线虫、桡足类、多毛类、介形类和双壳类。97%的小型底栖生物分布在0-5 cm的表层沉积物内,线虫和桡足类分布在0-2 cm沉积物的比例分别为86%和87%。二因素方差分析（two-way ANOVA）表明：小型底栖生物丰度和生物量在由4个航次所代表的春、夏、秋、冬各季节之间存在显著差异（春、夏高于秋、冬）,在4个航次的5个相同取样站位之间也有显著差异。小型底栖生物的丰度和生物量与水深和底盐呈负相关性。北黄海冷水团对小型底栖生物丰度和生物量时空分布有一定的影响。A four-cruise investigation on the meiobenthos on the continental shelf of the Northern Yellow Sea was conducted in July 2006, January 2007, April 2007 and October 2007. The results showed that the average abundances of meiobenthos from the four cruises were （1 099 ±634） ind· 10 cm^-2, （664 ± 495） ind· 10 cm^-2, （1 601±837） ind· 10 cm^-2 and （524 ± 378） ind· 10 cm^-2, respectively; the biomasses were （1 446.34 ±764.66）μg·dwt·10 cm^-2, （428.63±294.84）μg·dwt·10 cm^-2, （1580.53±1041.23）μg·dwt·10 cm^-2and （793.50± 475.83） μg·dwt·10 cm^-2, respectively. A total of eighteen meiobenthic groups were identified. Free-living marine nematodes were the most dominant group in abundance, with a relative dominance of 72 %, 90 %, 85 % and 74%, followed by benthic harpacticoid copepods, polychaetes, kinorhynchs and ostracods. In terms of biomass, the dominant groups were nematodes, copepods, polychaetes, ostracods and bivalves. About 97 % of the meiobenthos were distributed in the top 0-5 cm of the sediment, while 86 % of the nematods and 87% of the copepods were in the top 0- 2 cm of the sediment. Meiofaunal abundance and biomass from the four cruises （represented the four seasons, spring and summer higher than autumn and winter. ） and the five same sampling stations all had significant differences. Meiobenthic abundance and biomass had significant correlation with depth and bottom salinity. The North Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass may have some influences on the abundance and biomass of meiobenthos.

关 键 词：小型底栖生物 丰度 生物量 冷水团 北黄海 

分 类 号：P714.5[天文地球—海洋科学] Q145.2[生物学—生态学]