装药水下沉底爆炸压力场特性研究  

Characteristics of Pressure Field in Ground Explosion

作　　者：金辉[1,2,3] 张庆明[1,2] 高春生[3] 毛秋丹[3] 溪慧魏[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学 [2]爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室 [3]中国人民解放军91439部队

出　　处：《科技导报》2009年第14期32-37,共6页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：对水下爆炸冲击波进行了概述,分析了影响冲击波传播的因素和球形装药中心起爆时出现驼峰的原因。利用AutoDyn软件对装药在自由场与沉底爆炸二种工况的压力场特性进行了数值模拟,计算中采用透射边界条件代替压力流出边界条件和提高能量守恒误差容许值的办法。仿真结果表明,装药自由场爆炸中,冲击波传播没有方向性;在装药沉底爆炸时,冲击波存在明显的水底反射效应,水底反射对药包上方范围起到增强作用,而对水底附近起削弱作用,当测点与水平夹角大于60°时,冲击波压力峰值增加到一个相对稳定值。Underwater ground explosion with explosive charges has a broad application in national defense and country economic construction, such as hydraulic engineering and water-power engineering and so on. The explosion property shows a great differences for in free field and on ground which is not researched so much at home and abroad at present. Shock wave of underwater explosion is summarized in this paper, and the factors which could affect its propagation are analyzed, as well as the cause of hump wave structure for ball charge initiated in the center. Experiments and simulations are applied to study the pressure field both in free field and ground explosion. In the numerical simulation of software AutoDyn, the problem of stopping computing because of nonconservation of energy is solved through the methods of transmission boundary taking the place of outflow boundary condition and enlarging energy conservation error permitted in the process. The simulation results show that, the computation results and the actual measurements are matched well. For free field explosion; the peak value of the shock wave pressure is only relevant to the distance of the explosion source; and the propagation of shock wave is equal in all direction, The water set off effect is obvious, when the ratio of explosion distance and explosion depth increases. But for ground explosion, the ground reflection effects are apparent, the action of explosion is intensified upside and weakened below the charge. When the separation angle between the charge and the horizontal direction is bigger than 60°, the peak value of the shock wave pressure increases to a stable value.

关 键 词：沉底爆炸 压力场 水底反射 

分 类 号：TJ610[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]