殷周金文中的运动类动词  

The Verbs on Movement in Bronze Inscriptions of Yin and Zhou Dynasties

作　　者：武振玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院

出　　处：《古籍整理研究学刊》2009年第4期62-65,共4页Journal of Ancient Books Collation and Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目:两周金文动词词汇研究(07JA740014);吉林省社会科学基金项目:两周金文句读汇释(2008BWX05);吉林大学哲学社会科学精品项目:两周金文虚词研究(2006JP05)

摘　　要：殷周金文中的运动类动词据其运动的方向性可大体分为表示"由彼及此"方向的,表示"由此及彼"方向的,表示上下方向的,含有"循"义的及没有明显方向性的五类。就出现频率看,除"各、入、即、从、至、立"外,其余各词出现频率都不高。就出现时间看,第一类相对多见于西早和西中,第二、五类中的多数多见于西中和西晚,"征""行"则多见于春秋时期,第三类普遍偏晚。句法形式上,第一类多出现于连动式中,第二、四、五类多带处所宾语,第三类多单独出现。就词义沿用情况看,此类动词基本都沿用至后代,只有"于、各、即、遹"个别词例外。就词义系统看,此类动词彼此之间常构成同义或对义(反义)关系,可据此探析上古汉语早期的词义系统。In the Bronze inscriptions of Yin and Zhou Dynasties, the Verbs on movement can be separated into five categories according to directions, like hither ones, thither ones, up and down ones, along ones and ones no directions. As to frequency, few appear so often except ＂Ge （各）, Ru （入）, Ji （ 即 ）, Cong （从）, Zhi （至） and Li （立） ＂. As to time of appearance, the first category most is found in early and middle period in West Zhou Dynasty, the second and the fifth in middle and late p^riod, ＂Zheng＂ （ 征 ） and＂Xing＂ （行） in Spring-Autumn Period, the third in later Period. In the view of functions, the first category mostly appeared in continuous sentences, the second, the forth and the most fifth have position objectives, and the third always are alone. As to use of words, apart from ＂Yu （于） , Ge （ 各 ） , Ji （ 即 ） and Yu （遹） ＂, most of such words are still used now. We can understand the early system of meaning in ancient Chinese by the help of this paper.

关 键 词：殷周金文 运动类动词 出现频率 句法功能 

分 类 号：K877.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]