水菖蒲超临界CO_2流体萃取物对储粮害虫的活性  

Insecticidal Activity of Supercritical Fluid CO_2 Extract from Acorus calamus L. against Stored-grain Insects

作　　者：姚英娟[1,2] 蔡万伦[1] 杨长举[1] 张宏宇[1] 华红霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学城市有害生物防治研究所,武汉430070 [2]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南昌330200

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2009年第7期1640-1643,共4页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200803003)

摘　　要：研究了水菖蒲超临界CO2流体萃取物对储粮害虫玉米象、谷蠹、赤拟谷盗、杂拟谷盗、长角扁谷盗和锯谷盗的触杀、驱避和熏蒸活性。结果表明,水菖蒲萃取物对长角扁谷盗触杀活性强,处理24 h后的校正死亡率达100%;对杂拟谷盗和赤拟谷盗的触杀活性最弱,处理96 h后的校正死亡率分别为48.31%和24.44%;对谷蠹、赤拟谷盗、杂拟谷盗、长角扁谷盗和锯谷盗的驱避效果较好,驱避率均在90%以上;对玉米象的驱避效果较差,驱避率为76.09%;对谷蠹、长角扁谷盗、锯谷盗的熏蒸作用最明显,处理120 h后的校正死亡率均达100.00%,显著高于其他试虫,对赤拟谷盗和杂拟谷盗的熏蒸作用最差,校正死亡率分别为33.33%和32.22%。试验表明水菖蒲根茎萃取物对6种主要储粮害虫均具有较高的活性,有望开发成为储粮害虫的防护剂或熏蒸剂。The contact, repellent and fumigant activity of supercritical fluid CO2 extract from Acorus calamus against the main stored-grain insects, such as Sitophilus zeamais, Rhizopertha dominiea, Tribolium castaneum, Tribolium confusum,Cryptolestes pusillus and Oryzaephilus surinamensis were studied in this paper. The results indicated that supercritical fluid CO2 extract showed contact, repellent and fumigant activity to the six species of insects. The response of contact activity varied with different insects, while the contact toxicity to Cryptolestes pusillus was the most significant, and T. confusum and T. castaneum possessed a relatively high endurance to the extract. Sixty hours after treatment, the repellency to R. dominica, T. castaneum, T. confusum, C. pusillus and O. surinamensis were all above 90%, while the repellency to S. zeamais was above 70%. The extract showed significant fumigant toxicity against R. dominica, C. pusillus and 0. surinamensis, but showed little activity to T. castaneum and T. confusum. We can draw the conclusion that supercritical fluid CO2 extract showed significant insecticidal activity against the stored-grain insects, and shows promise as a novel pesticide candidate.

关 键 词：水菖蒲萃取物 储粮害虫 触杀活性 驱避活性 熏蒸活性 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]