上海典型城市草坪土壤呼吸特征  

Soil respiration characteristics of typical urban lawns in Shanghai

作　　者：孙倩[1,2] 方海兰[2] 梁晶[2] 钱秀苇[2] 刘鸣达[1] 张庆费[2] 郝瑞军[2] 郝冠军[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110161 [2]上海市园林科学研究所,上海200232

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2009年第8期1572-1578,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：上海市建设委员会资助专项(ZX050205)

摘　　要：采用CFX-2开放式呼吸测定系统测定了上海城区百慕大、黑麦草-百慕大混播、结缕草和狗牙根4种典型草坪的土壤呼吸速率。结果表明:4种草坪的土壤呼吸速率均呈明显季节变化,最大值出现在7—8月,最小值出现在12月—翌年1月;4种草坪土壤呼吸平均速率依次为百慕大草坪<黑麦草-百慕大混播草坪<结缕草草坪<狗牙根草坪,其中百慕大草坪的土壤呼吸速率变化范围为0.13～2.25μmol·m-2·s-1,黑麦草-百慕大混播草坪为1.16～5.95μmol·m-2·s-1,结缕草草坪为0.93～8.27μmol·m-2·s-1,狗牙根草坪为1.21～9.27μmol·m-2·s-1;4种草坪的土壤呼吸速率与气温、5cm地温和10cm地温均呈极显著指数相关;百慕大草坪和黑麦草-百慕大混播草坪的日变化均呈单峰曲线,与气温、5cm地温和10cm地温的日变化趋势一致;4种草坪土壤呼吸对温度的敏感性指数即Q10值为1.60～2.66;除结缕草外,其他草坪的土壤呼吸速率与土壤含水率相关性不显著;草坪的呼吸特征与其生长习性直接相关,而冷暖季混播草坪Q10值小,对提高城市生态景观和环境质量有积极作用。By using CFX-2 Soil Respiration Chamber, the soil respiration characteristics of four typical urban lawns （Cynodon dactylon× C. transadlensis, mixture lawn with Lolium perenne and C. dactylon × C. transadlensis, Zoysia japonica, and C. dactylon） in Shanghai were studied. An obvious seasonal change was observed in the soil respiration rate, with the maximum in July -August and the minimum in December- next January. The average soil respiration rate of the lawns was in the order of C. dactylon × C. transadlensis 〈mixture lawn with L. perenne and C. dactylon 〈 Z. japonica 〈 L. perenne, being 0. 13-2.25, 1.16-5.95, 0.93-8.27, and 1.21 -9.27 μmol ·m^-2 · s^-1, respectively. The soil respiration rate had a significant exponential correlation with air temperature and with the soil temperature at depths 5 cm and 10 cm. The di- urnal patterns of the soil respiration rate of C. dactylon × C. transa dlensis and of mixture lawn with L. perenne and C. dactylon × C. transa dlensiscould be expressed as one-humped curve, and the variation trends were similar to those of air temperature and the soil temperature at depths 5 cm and 10 cm. The sensitivity of the four lawns soil respiration to temperature （ Q10 value） was from 1.60 to 2.66. For the lawns except Z. japonica, no significant relationship was found between soil respiration rate and soil moisture content. The soil respiration characteristics of the lawns had a close relationship to the growth habit of grass. The Q10 value of the mixture lawn with cold-warm-season turf grass was relatively smaller, which would be beneficial to the improvement of urban ecological landscape and environmental quality.

关 键 词：土壤呼吸 城市草坪 温度 Q10 土壤含水率 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]