油菜对Cd污染土壤的植物修复  

Phytoremediation of Cadmium Pollution in Soil by Oilseed Rape

作　　者：张守文[1] 呼世斌[2] 肖璇[1] 陈玉亮[1] 王显蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2009年第4期197-201,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：中央环境保护专项基金(财建[2006]859号)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,对"秦油8号"(Brassica napus L."Qinyou No.8")在不同水平Cd污染下的耐性以及富集指标进行测定,并施加不同水平螯合剂对油菜的修复效果进行强化。结果表明,低水平Cd处理对油菜的株高、干质量、叶绿素含量等有轻微的促进作用,而高水平Cd则表现出抑制作用,在土壤Cd添加量为80mg/kg时,油菜的株高、干质量、叶绿素总量分别比对照降低了20.5%、43.5%和64.3%。油菜体内脯氨酸含量与Cd添加量呈现显著的正相关性,比对照升高了23倍,表现出一定的耐性。油菜体内Cd积累规律为根部大于地上部,各部位含Cd量以及每盆油菜吸收Cd总量都随土壤Cd添加量的增加而递增,在土壤Cd添加量为40 mg/kg时达到最大值,此后则会下降。施加3种水平螯合剂均提高了油菜对Cd的吸收,但高水平的螯合剂处理却导致油菜死亡。相比之下,中等水平螯合剂处理下,油菜对Cd的吸收效率较高。可见,秦油8号具有修复Cd污染土壤的潜力。Pot experiment was conducted to study the tolerance and accumulation indexes of Brassica napus L. （＂Qinyou No. 8＂） under different Cd concentration, and the remediation effect was enhanced by adding chelator.. The results indicated that low concentration of Cd could increase the plant height, dry weight and chlorophyll contents of oilseed rape to some extent, and high concentration of Cd restrain the growth of oilseed rape. When Cd concentration were 80 mg/kg, the plant height, dry weight and chlorophyll total content of oilseed rape reduced by 20.5%, 43.5 % and 64.3 % respectively compared with control. The proline content was positively correlated to the Cd concentration, reached the highest of 1571.6ug/g, was 23 times higher than control, showed certain tolerance to Cd contaminated soil. The accumulation of Cd in roots was much higher than that in stems and leaves, the Cd contents in different parts of rape and total uptake Cd per pot were significantly increased with the increase of Cd in soil, reached the highest content when Cd concentration was 40 mg/kg, after that, the Cd content were descent. Chelator addition to soil significantly increased the Cd concentration of oilseed rape, but with high concentration chelator application, the seedlings died in a few days. The plant with the 6 mmol/kg chelator application had the higher efficiency of Cd phytoextraction. This study implied that Qinyou NO. 8 is a promising crop to be used for phytoremediation on Cd contaminated soil.

关 键 词：重金属 镉 油菜 植物修复 强化措施 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]