叶果比对甜瓜叶片衰老的影响  

Influence of Leaf/fruit Ratio on Leaf Senescence in Muskmelon

作　　者：胡敏[1] 唐瑞永 张玉鑫[3] 陈年来[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州730070 [2]天水农业科学研究所,天水741001 [3]甘肃农业科学院蔬菜研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2009年第4期295-300,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金(0602-06)

摘　　要：露地栽培条件下,人为控制厚皮甜瓜单株留叶数,形成不同的叶果比,分析甜瓜叶片净光合速率、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和丙二醛含量变化,探讨叶果比对甜瓜叶片衰老的影响。结果表明,随着叶果比减小叶片生理活性增强,表明增加库的能力,可以增强叶片的生理活性,但叶果比减小到一定程度后,叶片的生理活性不仅不增强反而会减小,这是因为源的减少促进了叶片的早衰,黄河蜜、银峰、玉金香适宜叶果比分别为66、48、30,说明对一个特定品种来说,都有一个源库协调的问题,过多或不及,均不利于延缓叶片的衰老。相同叶果比下,叶片净光合速率、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖下降幅度和丙二醛上升幅度,黄河蜜>银峰>玉金香,说明大果型品种对摘叶处理反应比银峰中果型和小果型更为敏感。生产实践中,通过整枝减小叶果比,对特定的品种形成适宜叶果比来延缓叶片的衰老,大果型品种叶果比>中果型>小果型。The effect of source/sink ratio on leaf senescence in muskmelon was studied in open field, through manipulation of leaf/fruit ratio. The results showed that with decreasing leaf/fruit ratio, physiological activity of leaf will enhance ,which imply adding capability of fruit can enhance physiological activity of leaf ,but when leaf/fruit ratio decreasing get to a certain extent, physiological activity of leaf will reduce rather than enhance, because of decreasing source that promote leaf senescence. Huanghemi is 66, Yinfeng is 48 and Yujinxiang is 30, which showed that there is a co-ordination between source and sink to particular species, bigger or smaller leaf/fruit ratio are bad for delayed leaf senescence. The drop of leaf photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll, soluble protein, soluble sugar and the rise of Malondialdehyde of Huanghemi is faster than Yinfeng and Yujinxiang under the same leaf/fruit ratio, which imply that the reaction of Huanghemi with getting rid of leaf more sensitive than Yinfeng and Yujinxiang. So, in production practice, through training to decrease source/sink ratio and form feasible source/sink ratio can delayed leaf senescence to particular species, source/sink ratio of large size-fruit is bigger than middle size-fruit and small size-fruit.

关 键 词：厚皮甜瓜 源库比 叶片衰老 

分 类 号：S652.4[农业科学—果树学]