颅脑外伤分类的CT特征  

Classification of craniocerebral Frauma in CT Imaging

作　　者：马峰 郑兆华[1,2] 李恒国 

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区西乡医院CT室 [2]暨南大学医学院第一附属医院医学影像科

出　　处：《CT理论与应用研究（中英文）》1998年第3期22-25,共4页Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications

摘　　要：本文目的在于进一步提高对多种颅脑损伤的认识水平。所用材料和方法为本组１３５例，男９８例，女３７例，年龄４＿７７岁，平均年龄２４．８３岁。车祸伤９３例，跌伤２８例，击伤１４伤，１０１例有昏迷史，全部病例均作头颅ＣＴ轴位平扫。从相互伴发的多种颅脑损伤的角度，详细分析了它们的ＣＴ表现。结果得到了１３５例中，有多种类型颅脑损伤１３３例，单纯脑挫裂伤２例；硬膜外血肿１０４例，合并同一部位骨折７５例，占７２．１５％，合并脑挫裂伤占７０．３７％；硬膜下血肿２０例，位于外力对冲部位１５例．占７５％，合并脑挫伤裂伤１２例，其中１１例邻近硬膜下血肿；外伤后２小时内ＣＴ检查，并于外伤后４小时至５天内ＣＴ复查４７例，发现病变进展３８例，占８０．９５％。结论为硬膜外血肿多伴同部位骨折；在硬膜外血肿中，伴发的脑挫裂伤多位于对冲部位；硬膜下血肿多发生于对冲部位；颅脑损伤后，短期内病变可能会继续发展。Objective:To improve the abilty of recognizing various craniocerebral trauma. Materials and Methods:135 craniocerebral trauma csases were cases were collected,in which 98 cases were male and 37 cases were female.Their ages were from 4 to 77,with 24.83 on average.In this group,93 cases were traffic accidental trauma,28 cases were injury from fall,14 cases were stricken trauma.101 cases had coma.All cases were perfomed craniocerebral axial CT scan. In terms of various craniocerebral trauma combined with each other,their CT findings were analysed in details.Results:Among the 135 craniocerbral trauma cases,133 were compound craniocerebral trauma, 2 cases were simple contusion and laceration of the brain 104 cases had epiduralhaematoma,75 of which were accompanied with cranial fracture in the same location (72.15%),and 27 of which with contusion and laceration of the brain, among the 27 patients with contusion and laceration of the brain,19 cases were in a contrecoup position (70.37%);20 cases had subdural haematoma ,15 of which were in contrecoup position (75%),12 of which were accompanied with contusion and laceration of the brain,the latter being in the vicinity of the subdural hematoma;47 cases had CT scans with in 2 hours and CT reexamine in 4 hours to 5 days after trauma,38 of which were found that their traumatic changes had progressed (80。95%)。Conclusions:Epidural haematoma usually accompanies cranial fracture in the same location; contusion and laceration of the brain in association with extradural haematoma usually situates in a contrecoup position; most subdural haematomas are also in the contrecoup site;traumatic craniocerebral changes may progress in a short time after the accident.

关 键 词：颅脑外伤 分类 CT 层析成像 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学] R816.1[医药卫生—临床医学]