Criteria for determining illegality and the theory of anti-value acts （Handlungsunwert）： with a discussion of the standpoint of contemporary Chinese criminal jurisprudence  

作　　者：Zhou Guangquan 

机构地区：[1]School of Law, Tsinghua University

出　　处：《Social Sciences in China》2009年第3期25-40,共16页中国社会科学（英文版）

摘　　要：The doctrine of illegality serves as a touchstone of criminal law theory, and research into the criteria for determining illegality is of great significance for promoting debate between different schools of thought and for the overall development of Chinese criminal jurisprudence. The theories of anti-value consequences （Erfolgsunwert） and anti-value acts （Handlungsunwert） take different approaches to thinking about the issue of illegality, leading to differences in the scope of establishing what constitutes a crime, the process of determining whether a crime has been committed, the relationship between crime and punishment and the correlation between criminal law and society. The （dualistic） theory of anti-value acts takes into full consideration the social reality and normative anticipations of a given period and gives due weight to the function of criminal law in guiding behavior; it is therefore a rational theory. According to this view of illegality, the act is the core issue determining illegality; infringement of legal interests is simply an element determining the ＂nature of the act.＂ Criminal law does not exist only to provide restitution for injury, but also aims to cultivate citizens＇ consciousness of norms to prevent possible future injury. Contemporary criminal jurisprudence in China should be constructed on the basis of the （dualistic） theory of anti-value acts with a view to responding to the needs of society and promoting normative identification on the part of the general public.违法性论是刑法理论的试金石，研究违法性判断的基准问题，对于形成学派论争，全面推进中国刑法学的发展有重大意义。结果无价值论和行为无价值论思考违法性问题的路径不同，由此导致犯罪成立范围、认定犯罪过程、犯罪和刑罚的关系、刑法和社会的关联性都不相同。（二元的）行为无价值论充分考虑特定时期的社会现实、规范期待，注重刑法的行为引导功能，是合理的理论。根据这种违法性论，违法性判断的核心是行为，法益侵害只是决定“行为性质”的要素；刑法不是单纯为了弥补损害，而要着眼于让国民养成规范意识，防止损害再次发生。当代中国刑法学应当以（二元的）行为无价值论为基点来建构，以回应社会需要，促进公众的规范认同。

关 键 词：doctrine of illegality evaluation criterion infringement of legal interests violation of norms standpoint of criminal law 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]