大亚湾典型生态系统状况调查与分析  

Survey and analysis of typical ecosystem status in Daya Bay

作　　者：柯东胜[1] 彭晓娟[1] 吴玲铃[1] 兰圣迎[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海分局,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2009年第4期421-425,共5页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：2008年度海洋公益性行业科研专项(20080508009)

摘　　要：大亚湾典型生态系统状况调查表明:过度捕捞,乱捕及违禁捕捞使大亚湾水产资源大幅下降,传统的渔汛早已不复存在;岸线、海滩过度开发、非法盗猎、航道阻隔、海域环境污染和诸多人为误捕、滥杀和破坏产卵环境等原因,大亚湾绿海龟的生存环境受到严重威胁;港口开发和水下爆破等致使珊瑚礁群落的优势种发生改变及石珊瑚出现白化现象;大型海岸工程的建设和过度对滩涂的围垦养殖,导致大亚湾红树林多以小簇或单株零散分布,红树林生态系统已处于一种极不健康的状态;大亚湾地区的滨海湿地面积逐年减少,人工湿地面积逐渐增大,天然湿地林相退化严重,湿地的外貌和结构日趋简单,降低了湿地生态和环境的功能。The survey of the typical ecosystem status was carried out in Daya Bay. The paper deals with the overfishing and violating fishing resulted in the aquatic stocks in Daya Bay, and then no regular fishing season formed, the excessive exploitation of shoreline and beach, unlawful poaching, shipping lane obstructing, and the marine polluting, spawning conditions destroyed by the green turtle habitat. The seaport construction and submarine explosion obviously affected the coral reef ecosystem and resulted in the dominant variation of coral reef community as well as albinism phinomena of coral reef. The excessive buildings in the seashore led to the mangrove distributing in little cluster or individual, hence the mangrove ecosystem was in unhealthy status. The coast wetland in Daya Bay was decreased year by year. While the man-made wetland area was gradually increased, the natural wetland forest phase was decreased seriously. The wetland appearance and pattern was of blankness and wetland ecosystem function dropped.

关 键 词：典型生态系统 调查与分析 大亚湾 

分 类 号：Q143[生物学—生态学] X17[生物学—普通生物学]