表面活性剂从碱性氰化液中萃取金  

Solvent Extraction of Gold from Alkaline Aurocyanide Solutions by Cationic Surfactants

作　　者：杨项军[1] 陈景[1] 谢琦莹[1] 吴瑾光[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学化学科学与工程学院,昆明650091 [2]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《化学进展》2009年第7期1583-1591,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.29876016;2007CB613);国家高技术发展计划(863)项目(No.2006AA06Z127);云南省省院省校合作项目基金(No.B9808K)资助

摘　　要：溶剂萃取法从碱性氰化液中提取金的工艺相对于传统锌置换法和活性炭吸附法具有潜在的优势,因而备受青睐。本文综述了近几年来从碱性氰化液中溶剂萃取金的研究进展。文中对表面活性剂/改性剂萃取Au(Ⅰ)的机理、萃取及反萃取行为进行了总结,报道了表面活性剂种类、改性剂种类、稀释剂以及盐析剂等各种因素对萃取过程的影响。同时,在萃取机理方面,提出一种基于氢键的超分子萃合物模型,在反萃取方面,介绍了阴离子交换法、转化还原法及直接电解有机相3种方法。Solvent extraction of gold from alkaline auroeyanide solutions has more potential advantages over present zinc-dust cementation and carbon-adsorption procedures. This paper reviews some recent advances on the solvent extraction of gold recovery from the alkaline cyanide solutions. The extraction mechanism, extraction and stripping behaviors of the new surfactant/modifier gold extraction system are reported. Many parameters, such as different cationic surfactants, modifiers, diluents and inorganic salts in aqueous phase on the extraction of gold are investigated. An extracting species model of supramolecular structure based on the formation of hydrogen bonds between Au（ CN）2^- and modifier is proposed to explain the reaction mechanism of the new extraction system. The stripping gold from the loaded surfactant/modifier organic phase can be efficiently obtained by the methods of anion exchange, conversion followed by reduction and biphase electrowinning. The gold extraction approach suggested in the present paper provides a promising technique for gold recovery from alkaline aurocyanide solutions in industry.

关 键 词：溶剂萃取 表面活性剂 KAu(CN)2 反萃取 

分 类 号：O658.2[理学—分析化学] TF804.2[理学—化学]