大剂量甲氨蝶呤联合化疗治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病的护理  

Nursing care of high dose of methopterin in combination with chemotherapy to treat patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia

作　　者：樊秀枝 

机构地区：[1]广东省湛江市第二人民医院

出　　处：《全科护理》2009年第21期1881-1883,共3页Chinese General Practice Nursing

摘　　要：[目的]探讨大剂量甲氨蝶呤（HD—MTX）联合治疗急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）的护理方法。[方法]对本院28例使用HD—MTX联合化疗的ALI。病人实施相应护理措施干预，并观察评估护理效果。[结果]28例ALI。病人完全缓解75．00％，部分缓解14．29％，未缓解10．71％，治疗有效率为89．29％。一般只出现0级～2级皮疹、腹泻、乏力，恶心呕吐、脱发和一过性转氨酶升高现象。只有2个～3个疗程出现3级恶心呕吐、口腔黏膜毒性、骨髓抑制、转氨酶升高，无心、肾等重要器官严重毒性反应发生，无化疗相关死亡病例。[结论]严格执行化疗计划，强化化疗护理，可提高病人耐受性，减轻毒性反应，安全可行等优点，从而减轻病人的痛苦，保证化疗的进行。Objective：To probe into nursing care of high dose of methopterin （HD - MTX） in combination with chemotherapy to treat patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia （ALL）. Methods： Corresponding nursing interventions were carried out for a total of 28 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia accepted HD - MTX in combination with chemotherapy in our hospital. And then nursing effects of all cases were observed and evaluated. Results： In all 28 ALL patients, 75. 00% of them reached complete remission, 14.29% of patients reached partial remission. And 10.71% of them were without remission. The effective rate of treatment among them was 89.29 %. Regarding for side reactions, most of cases developed grade 0 - 2 skin rashes, diarrhea, lack of power, nausea and vomiting, baldness and transitory transaminase elevation. Only those accepting 2-3 courses of treatment appeared grade 3 nausea and vomiting, oral mucous toxicity, marrow depression, transaminase elevation. No severe toxic reaction of important organs such as heart and kidney occurred. And no chemotherapy associated death cases. Conclusion： To carry out chemotherapy plan strictly and to strengthen chemotherapy nursing can enhance ALL patients＇ tolerance and reduce their toxic reactions. And it can relieve pain for patients and ensure their chemotherapy going on smoothly.

关 键 词：甲氨蝶呤 淋巴细胞白血病 护理 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]