过滤罐微生物气溶胶过滤效率及其评价方法的研究  

A methodological study on testing and evaluating of filtration efficiency of canister against microbial aerosol

作　　者：温占波[1] 赵建军[1] 李劲松[1] 王洁[1] 鹿建春[1] 李娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室国家生物防护装备工程技术中心,北京100071

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2009年第8期686-689,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划（863计划）（2003AA208311）

摘　　要：目的建立防护面具高效过滤罐微生物气溶胶测试评价方法，对过滤罐的实际防护效果进行测试评价。方法Serratia marcescens作为模式细菌繁殖体气溶胶、Bacillus subtilis var niger芽孢作为模式芽孢气溶胶、噬菌体f2作为模式病毒气溶胶，使用实验室建立的微生物气溶胶检测技术平台，人工发生模式微生物气溶胶，分别在过滤罐过滤前后使用空气微生物采样器进行定量采样，根据过滤前后模式微生物气溶胶的浓度分别计算细菌、芽孢、病毒气溶胶过滤效率。1—1、1—2、1-3、1-44个只含有高效过滤材料的过滤罐分别测试了Serratia marcescens、Bacillus subtilis var niger、噬菌体f2气溶胶的过滤效率。543、5442个装有活性炭的高效过滤罐测试了对Serratia marcescens气溶胶的过滤效率。结果1—1、1—2、1-33个高效过滤罐对Serratia marcesceus、Bacillus subtilis var niger芽孢、噬菌体f2的气溶胶的过滤效率为100．000％，1-4高效过滤罐对Bacillus subtilis var niger芽孢气溶胶的过滤效率为99．997％、Serratia marcescens和噬菌体f2气溶胶的过滤效率均为100．000％。加入活性炭后543、5442个过滤罐对Serratia marcescens气溶胶的过滤效率均为100．000％。结论建立的检测方法可以用于高效过滤罐微生物气溶胶防护效果的评价，高效过滤罐（包括装有活性炭者）微生物气溶胶防护效果均佳。Objective To establish a testing and evaluating method for filtration efficiency of the canister against microbial aerosol. Methods Serratia marcescens aerosol served as model of bacterial aerosol, Bacillus subtilis var niger aerosol as model of spores aerosol, bacteriophage f2 aerosol as model of viral aerosol. Employing the microbial aerosol testing platform was established in lab, models of microbial aerosol generated artificially were sampled quantitatively by air samplers before and after filtrating by canisters, respectively. Filtration efficiency was determined by the concentration of microbial aerosol in the air sample before and after filtrating. The four canisters of 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 were tested for the filtration efficiency against Serratia marcescens ,Bacillus subtilis var niger and phage f2 aerosol. The two canisters of 543 and 544 canisters equipped with active carbon were tested for the filtration efficiencies against Serratia marcescens aerosol. Results The filtration efficiency of 1-1,1-2,1-3 canisters against Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis var niger and phage f2 aerosol was 100. 000%. The filtration efficiency of 1-4 canister filtration efficiency against Bacillus subtilis var niger spores aerosol was 99. 997% and efficiency of the other two aerosol was 100. 000%. The filtration efficiency of the two canisters of 543 and 544 to those attached with active carbon against Serratia rnarcescens aerosol was 100. 000%. Conclusion The testing method might be used to evaluate the protective performance of the canister against microbiological aerosol. The effect of the canisters（ including those equipped with active carbon） against microbiological aerosol should be reliable.

关 键 词：过滤 防护装置 空气微生物学 评价研究 

分 类 号：R194[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]