北京城区奥运期间大气细粒子谱分布与变化特征研究  

Aerosol Particle Number Size Distribution Measurement in Beijing City During the Olympic Games

作　　者：王杰[1] 刘建国[1] 陆亦怀[1] 伍德侠[1] 黄书华[1] 桂华侨[1] 董云升[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所中国科学院环境光学与技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《大气与环境光学学报》2009年第4期290-299,共10页Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics

基　　金：国家863计划(2006AA06A302)资助项目

摘　　要：随着工业经济的迅速发展,颗粒物已经逐步成为我国大气污染的首要污染源,考虑到对人体的健康危害,大气颗粒物的数浓度值可能比质量浓度值更重要,因而对大气细粒子谱分布的研究也就越发显得重要。利用安徽光学精密机械研究所研制的大气细粒子谱分析仪,对北京城区奥运期间的大气细粒子实现从纳米到微米颗粒物的原位、快速、在线、宽范围粒径谱测量,并对奥运期间各粒径段内粒子日平均数浓度及实时变化规律进行分析。同时,结合地面能见度信息,对奥运赛事期间北京大气气溶胶细粒子谱分布特征及其与能见度的相关性进行了定性分析。结果表明,核模态粒子(5～20 nm)主要受气相成核过程的影响,其数浓度呈单峰值结构;爱根核模态(20～100 nm)受人为源及核模态粒子影响较大,其数浓度呈典型的三峰值结构;积聚模态(100 nm～1μm)数浓度日变化不大,但受大风、降水等天气影响较大,且数浓度的高低将直接影响大气能见度。Particulate matter has become the most important pollutant source with the rapid development of industrial economy. The aerosol particle number size distribution may be more important than the mass density in the view of its harm to human health. So the research on the aerosol particle number size distribution appears to be more and more important today. By using the fine particle meter developed by Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, an online, wide-range and quickly measurement of aerosol particle number size distribution in Beijing city during the Olympic Games was performed without making any changes to the samples. The variation trend of daily average and real time of particle matter number concentration, the particle number size distribution during the Olympic Games were analyzed. The results show that the particle number concentration of nucleation mode （5-20 nm） has close relationship with the nucleation process, and the concentration curve is unimodal. Particle number concentration of atiken mode （20-100 nm）, with curve of three peak values, is strongly influenced by human activities and growing process of nucleation mode. Accumulation mode, with a tiny trend for its day average particle number concentration, is strongly affected by the weather conditions, especially in strong wind and heavy rain. The concentration of accumulation mode can directly influence the atmospheric visibility.

关 键 词：北京奥运 细粒子谱分析仪 细粒子数浓度谱 能见度 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]