颗粒饲料携带细菌与大菱鲆疾病发生的相关性  

Correlation between bacteria in feed pellets and diseases of cultured turbot Scophthalmus maximus

作　　者：刘朝阳[1,2] 王印庚[1] 孙晓庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋与渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学部,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《南方水产》2009年第4期13-21,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2003AA622070);农业结构调整重大技术研究专项(04-11-01B)

摘　　要：白便症是工厂化养殖大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus的一种常见和多发病,常造成大规模的死亡。2006年针对大菱鲆所用饲料携带细菌与其疾病发生的关系展开调查。调查发现,山东蓬莱(A)、莱州(B)和威海(C)3家大菱鲆养殖场均不同程度的感染了白便症,损失惨重。为查明病因,从切断病原入手,详细调查了这3家养殖场的病鱼、水源和养殖所用的颗粒饲料,通过细菌分离和形态学比较,发现颗粒饲料携带细菌KL-1与大菱鲆白便症的病原菌BB-1具有一致性,经常规生理生化测试、API-ID32E鉴定和16S rRNA序列分析,发现KL-1与BB-1是同一种细菌,为假交替单胞菌属的一种(Pseudoalteromonas sp.),人工感染试验也证明这2株细菌都是大菱鲆白便症的致病原,感染症状与自然发病特征基本一致,表明颗粒饲料携带细菌是大菱鲆白便症的直接病原。并对菌株KL-1和BB-1进行了药敏试验测试,为该疾病的控制提供参考。White feces syndrome is a kind of common and ubiquitous disease in industrial farm of turbot Scophthalmus maximus, which has resulted in massive mortalities and lots of economic losses. Therefore, the correlation between bacteria in feed pellets and diseases of cultured turbot was investigated in 2006. Investigations revealed that three farms of turbot, Penglai （ A）, Laizhou （B） and Weihai （C） located in Shandong Province, suffered from severe white feces disease. In order to find out the real origin of the pathogenic bacteria, the sicken turbot, water supply, pond water and feed pellets were investigated. Morphological comparison showed that the strain BB-1 from the sicken turbot had the highest similarity to the strain KL-1 from the pellets. API-ID32E and 16S rRNA sequence analyses indicated that BB-1 was the same to KL-1, belonging to genus Pseudoalteromonoz sp. Artificial infection experiments indicated that both BB-1 and KL-1 can cause badly white feces disease for healthy turbot, and the clinical signs were similar to the naturally infected turbot. It can be concluded that the bacteria separated from the feed pellets were the real causative agents of white feces syndrome. Drug sensitivity test was also carried out for KL-1 and BB-1, which provided a way to control the disease.

关 键 词：白便症 颗粒饲料 细菌 疾病 相关性 

分 类 号：S941.3[农业科学—水产养殖]