灌溉和施肥对温室番茄产量和品质影响效应的研究  

Study on effect of irrigation and fertilization on yield and fruit quality of greenhouse tomato

作　　者：虞娜[1] 张玉龙[1] 张玉玲[1] 邹洪涛[1] 党秀丽[1] 杨丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,农业部东北土壤与环境重点开放实验室,辽宁省农业资源与环境重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2009年第4期31-35,共5页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：辽宁省重大攻关项目(20080112-311);辽宁省博士启动项目(No.20061043);辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目(2007T156)

摘　　要：覆膜滴灌施肥条件下,通过温室小区试验研究了灌溉上限和施肥量对番茄产量和果实的一些品质指标(Vc含量、有机酸含量、可溶性糖含量、糖酸比)的影响,并对结果进行了分析和讨论。研究表明,施肥量对番茄产量影响最大,灌溉上限与施肥的交互作用次之,灌溉上限的影响不显著,与当地习惯施肥量相比,适当的降低施肥量可以提高番茄产量。番茄果实品质各指标受灌溉上限和施肥量的影响各异,适当提高灌溉上限、增加肥料习惯施用量可以显著地提高番茄果实的品质。为更好地协调番茄产量和品质对灌溉和施肥的要求,适宜的水肥管理方式为施肥量为N 286.88 kg.hm-2、K2O 286.88 kg.hm-2,灌溉上限和灌溉下限土壤水吸力分别为10 kPa(pF 2.0)和30 kPa(pF 2.49)。Under the condition of plastic mulching and drip fertigation, the effect of the irrigation upper limit and fertilization amount on tomato yield and some fruit quality indexes （ Vc content, soluble sugar content, organic acid content and sugaracid ratio） were studied by a plot experiment in greenhouse, and the results were analyzed and discussed. The results indicated that the effect of fertilization amount on the tomato yield was the maximal, and the interaction of the irrigation upper limit and fertilization amount was the second factor, the effect of the irrigation upper limit was no significant, the tomato yield was improved with the proper decrease of fertilization amount compared with the local conventional fertilization amount. The effect of the irrigation upper limit and fertilization amount on each index of tomato fruit quality was different, the quality of tomato fruit could improved by the proper increase of the irrigation upper limit and the decrease of the conventional fertilization amount significantly. To well coordinate the requirement of the tomato ＇s yield and quality to irrigation and fertilization, the preferable irrigation and fertilization management mode of fertilization amount was N 286. 88 kg · hm^-2, K2O 286. 88 kg· hm^-2 soil water suction of the irrigation upper limit and lower limit were respective pF 2. 0 （10 kPa） and pF 2. 49 （30 kPa）.

关 键 词：灌水上限 施肥量 温室番茄产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]