接种微生物菌剂对猪粪堆肥过程中细菌群落多样性的影响  

Effects of microbial agent inoculation on bacterial community diversity in the process of pig manure composting

作　　者：解开治[1] 徐培智[1] 张发宝[1] 陈建生[1] 唐拴虎[1] 黄旭[1] 严超[1] 顾文杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第8期2012-2018,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14);广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2007B090400101);广东省重大科技专项(2006A20302001);广州市农业局招标项目(GZCQC0702FG06054)资助

摘　　要：利用PCR-DGGE方法研究了接种外源微生物菌剂对鲜猪粪高温好氧堆肥过程中细菌群落多样性的影响.结果表明:接种外源微生物菌剂可以促进堆肥的顺利进行,比不接种处理的高温期提前2d.DGGE图谱分析表明,堆肥中优势细菌群落组成发生了明显的更迭现象,不同堆肥时期细菌群落的Shannon-Wiener指数呈显著差异.目的条带克隆测序结果表明,整个堆肥过程Clostridium stercorariumsub sp.thermolacticum sp.一直是优势菌属,不经培养细菌、Bacillus coagulans sp.、Clostridium thermocellumsp.在接种外源微生物菌剂处理的第10、16天成为优势菌属,不经培养的Firmicutes sp.和不经培养的deltaproteobacterium分别在未接种外源微生物菌剂处理堆肥发酵的第5天和第16天成为优势菌属.非优势菌属Ureibacillus thermosphaericus、不经培养的Silvimonas sp.出现在堆肥腐熟后期,不经培养的土壤细菌主要出现在堆肥初期和高温初期.UPGMC聚类分析表明,接种外源微生物菌剂明显影响了堆肥不同时期的细菌群落结构组成.堆肥化过程中细菌DGGE图谱主成分分析表明,细菌群落变化主要受外源接种微生物菌剂的影响.PCR-DGGE method was adopted to study the effects of inoculating exogenous microbial agent on the bacterial community diversity in the process of fresh pig manure high-temperature aerobic composting. Exogenous microbial agent inoculation promoted the composting process, with the high-temperature period being advanced by 2 days than that of non-inoculation. DGGE pattern analysis showed that during composting, the dominant bacteria changed significantly, with the Shannon- Wiener index of bacterial community at different composting periods varied obviously. The sequen- cing of DGGE-distinguished bands showed that Clostridium stercorarium subsp, thermolacticum sp. was the dominant group in the whole composting process. Uncultured bacteria Bacillus coagulans sp. and Clostridium therrnocellum sp. became the main groups on the 10th and 16th day after microbial agent inoculation, while uncultured Firmicutes sp. and delta proteobaeterium became the dominant groups on the 5th and 16th days in the treatment non-inoculation, respectively. Un-dominant group Ureibacillus thermosphaericu sp. and uncultured Silvimonas sp. appeared in the late period of well rotted composting, while uncultured soil bacteria mainly appeared in the initial and hightemperature periods. UPGMC cluster analysis showed that exogenous microbial agent inoculation obviously affected the bacterial community structure in different composting periods, and the main component analysis of DGGE patterns in composting process showed that the bacterial community was mainly affected by the exogenous microbial agent inoculation.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 猪粪 好氧堆肥 细菌 群落多样性 变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE) 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]