不同DCAD日粮对泌乳初期奶牛产乳性能、血清和尿液矿物质离子浓度的影响  

Effects of dietary cation-anion difference on lactational performance,serum and urine mineral contents of early lactating dairy cows

作　　者：韩坤[1] 杨蕾[1] 张召[1] 张华峰[1] 高巍[1] 李明强 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院 [2]绿城农业开发有限责任公司奶牛场

出　　处：《中国饲料》2009年第15期19-23,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：选取9头2胎以上的处于泌乳初期(泌乳天数25～85d)的荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成3组,分别饲喂日粮阴阳离子差(DCAD)值为+30、+40、+50mEq/100g DM的3种日粮,研究不同DCAD值日粮对泌乳初期奶牛产乳性能、血清和尿液矿物质元素离子浓度的影响。试验期为21d。结果表明:随日粮DCAD值的增大,奶牛的干物质采食量和尿液pH值也随之增加;奶牛尿液中Na+、K+浓度也增加,而Ca2+和肌酐的浓度则降低(P<0.05),其他离子水平无显著变化;血清离子中Ca2+浓度降低(P<0.05),而血清P5+浓度上升(P<0.05),其他离子水平保持不变。当日粮DCAD值为+40mEq/100g DM时,泌乳初期奶牛产乳量和4%标准乳(FCM)产量最高。而乳蛋白和乳脂产量则在日粮DCAD值为+50mEq/100g DM时最大。综合比较得出,在本试验条件下泌乳初期荷斯坦奶牛的日粮最佳DCAD值应在+40～+50mEq/100g DM。Choosing 9 early lactating dairy cows of 25 - 85 days in milk which were more than 2 parity,randomly assign to 3 groups to study the effects of dietary cation-anion difference（DCAD）with value of ＋30,＋40 and ＋50 mEq/100 g dry matter （DM）respectively on its milk production level,serum and urine mineral contents in a randomized complete design.Each group contained three dairy cows.The trail period was 21 days.The results showed that the dry matter intake （DMI）and urine pH increased with the increasing of DCAD value positively （P 〈 0.05）.Urine sodium and potassium excretion increased and the urine calcium and creatinine concentrations decreased significantly by a relatively higher DCAD value （P 〈 0.05） ;the concentrations of other irons were not affected.Serum calcium concentration decreased and phosphorus concentration increased significantly with increasing DCAD values positively （P 〈 0.05）.In the DCAD value of ＋40 mEq/100 g DM group,milk yield and 4 % FCM were the highest,so were the milk protein and fat percentage on DCAD value of ＋50 mEq/100 g DM group.In conclusion,the DCAD value of ＋40 - ＋50 mEq/100 g DM was the best in early lactating dairy cows.

关 键 词：DCAD 泌乳初期奶牛 产乳性能 矿物质元素 

分 类 号：S816.35[农业科学—饲料科学]