气候与径流变化对泾惠渠灌区可持续发展的影响与对策研究  

Impact of Climate and Discharge Change on Sustainable Development in Jinghuiqu Irrigation District and Countermeasures

作　　者：赵文举[1] 马孝义[1] 张建兴 吕静渭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]山西省晋城市水利局,山西晋城048000

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2009年第7期1163-1170,共8页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAD11B04);国家自然科学基金项目(50879072)

摘　　要：大型灌区对保障我国农业和国民经济的可持续发展、水安全和生态安全具有十分重要的作用,气候变化与人类活动造成的径流变化已经对其可持续发展产生了严重的挑战。该文利用M ann-Kendall趋势检验法研究了泾惠渠灌区渠首来水量、气象要素和灌区水量供需状况变化趋势,分析其产生原因,并探讨了促进灌区可持续发展的对策。研究表明,泾河来水量和渠首引水量呈明显的减少趋势,灌区气温呈升高趋势,降水呈微弱减少趋势,次灌溉面积呈上升趋势,而灌区目前依靠大量开采地下水资源来弥补灌区渠灌水量不足,已造成了灌区地下水资源超量开采和枯竭,未来灌区供需矛盾将进一步加剧。为此,灌区今后应加强水资源统一管理,科学调控地表地下水水资源、涵养地下水源,增强灌区地表地下水资源的综合供水能力,加大渠道防渗衬砌工程建设力度,推广先进实用的田间节水技术等,以期为灌区建设和管理提供理论依据。The large-scale irrigation area has very important effect on our agriculture and the national economy sustainable development,the water security and the ecological security,and the runoff which is influenced by the climatic change and the human activity has been a serious challenge to its sustainable development.In this paper,the canal head water,meteorological elements,irrigation district supply and demand changing trend of the Jinghuiqu irrigation district were analyzed by the Mann-Kendall test,the reasons were also analyzed,and the sustainable development countermeasures of the irrigation district were discussed.The research result indicated that the Jinghe River runoff quantity and the water diversion of canal head amount reduced obviously,the temperature of irrigation district in winter increased obviously,the precipitation reduced weakly,an irrigation frequency assumed the trend of escalation,however,the groundwater resources were used to recuperate the water shortage of irrigation district at present,which has created excess mining and the depletion of groundwater resources in the irrigation district and supply and demand contradictory will be further intensified in the future.Therefore,the irrigation district should strengthen the water resources global administration,the science regulation of the surface and groundwater resources,conservation underground water source,enhancement of irrigation district surface and groundwater resources comprehensive water supply ability in the future,the channel anti-seepage lining work engineering construction must be increased,and the advanced field saving water technology is also required and so on,so as to provide the theoretical basis for construction and the management of the irrigation district.

关 键 词：径流变化 气候变化 MANN-KENDALL检验 可持续发展 泾惠渠灌区 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]