毛乌素沙地农业生态系统SEREn协调发展的时序测度  

Estimation on Harmonious Development in SEREn System of Agroecosystem in Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：胡兵辉[1,2] 廖允成[1] 尚爱军[3] 亢福仁[3] 张雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [2]西南林业大学环境科学与工程系,昆明650224 [3]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2009年第7期1200-1211,共12页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目(706054)

摘　　要：基于协调发展理论,构建农业生态系统社会、经济、资源和环境(简称SEREn)的发展度、承载力、协调发展度动态模型及其综合判定法则,通过在毛乌素沙地偏农区的榆阳区与偏牧区的乌审旗运用该模型,得到:①近27 a两地发展度、承载力及协调发展度基本上均沿时间序列增加;②SE与REn协调发展的类型也均逐渐趋于更高水平;③农牧业产业结构逐渐由以资源环境消耗为主的资源密集型向以资金、科技利用为主的技术密集型转变;④受人类活动强度与农业生态系统开放性的影响,榆阳区与乌审旗SEREn的承载力和发展度产生了相应时序演变特征,使得SE与REn协调发展状况也发生相应变化。通过对SE与REn协调发展状况的综合判定,能够探查同时满足一定时段内社会经济发展要求和资源环境状况的关键因子,使资源环境的开发利用能够促进社会经济的发展,而社会经济的发展又为资源环境的保护与恢复提供更多的支撑。为构建资源节约型、环境友好型农业社会经济体系,促使SE与REn趋于高水平协调发展提供方法与理论借鉴。Mu Us sandy land,a very important ecological barrier and a representative of coupling development between farming and stockbreeding,is located in the farming-pastoral ecotones of northern China.According to theory of harmonious development,the models of development degree,carrying capacity,harmonious development degree and integrated determinant criterion are established,and then,are used in Yuyang District in farming-dominant zones and Wushen Banner in grazing-dominant zones of the Mu Us sandy land.Results show： 1）the development degree,carrying capacity and harmonious development degree in these two regions have increased during the past nearly 27 years;2）the types of harmonious development between SE and REn also have gone to higher levels gradually;3）the structures of agropastoral industry have changed from resources-intensive industry,whose development mainly relys on resources consumption and environment,to technology-intensive industry,whose development mainly depends on capital and technology application,inchmeal;and 4）due to influences by intense human activities and openness in agroecosystem,the carrying capacity and development degree of SEREn system in Yuyang District and Wushen Banner have resulted in evolutional characteristics along with time sequence,and status of harmonious development between SE and REn also has changed correspondingly.Therefore,the earlier development of agroecosystem with samller population in the Mu Us sandy land furthest depended on the cost of consuming the carrying capacity of REn,the fragile environment,restricted resource and laggard SE badly confined the building of harmonious development of SEREn system.Besides,the development model of saving the carrying capacity of REn was confronted with restrictions,such as technology,capital and market.After the mid 1990s,with the construction of environment and the optimization of agricultural economic structure,the satisfactory situation appeared in the SEREn system gradually,the harmonious development of REn and SE ha

关 键 词：农业生态系统 SEREn系统 协调发展 毛乌素沙地 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]