中国煤炭资源的流动格局及流场规律研究  

Regularity and Pattern of Chinese Coal Resources Flow Field

作　　者：王成金[1] 莫辉辉[1] 王姣娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2009年第8期1402-1411,共10页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701045;40635026);中科院知识创新工程方向性项目(KZCXZ-YW-Q10-4-1)

摘　　要：鉴于社会经济和资源分布的非均衡性,煤炭运输历来为政府所关注,探讨其流场规律有助于认识中国能源供需格局和区域经济联系。从省区和地市角度,剖析中国煤炭资源的汇源格局及演变特征,分析表明:源流区早期集中在华北,目前略向中西部转移,形成中部供应区,山西成为全国源流中心;北方沿海是主要汇流区,目前向东南沿海延伸,形成东部调入区。同时,分析煤炭流场的空间特征,界定主要集散场及等级体系,认为:扩散中心多分布在华北,目前向西部延伸,大型扩散场形成于北方;集聚中心早期多分布在北方沿海,目前向东南沿海延伸,以港口、工业城市和经济中心为主。然后,全面解析煤炭资源的流动路径,连接港口的铁路成为主通道,下水港多分布在北方沿海和长江,接卸港多分布在东南沿海。Coal is a strategic resource of social and economic development in China.The distribution inequality of society-economy and coal resources determines the regional transportation of coal resources,which becomes the focus of many countries or governments.We simulated and discussed the flowing field and flowing pattern of coal resources in China,and drew these conclusions.1）Distribution and richness of coal resources decide the spatial pattern of coal outflow scale.In 1971,outflow regions concentrated in North China but shifted appreciably to Central and West China currently,and coal bases especially in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia become the main outflow regions.2）Distribution and size of economy and population decide the inflow scale of coal generally.Inflow region were concentrated in north coastal region in 1971 and expanded to southeast coastal region currently,especially port and industrial city have a great inflow scale.3）There are some diffused fields of coal flow whose centers and larger fields are located in North China but begin to expand to West Region currently,especially the diffused fields of Shanxi and Inner Mongolia have the strategic significance.There are also several concentrative fields,whose centers are located largely in north coastal region but begin to expand to southeast coastal region,most of which are ports,industrial cities and economic centers.4）Due to the dislocation distribution of the coal base and the coal-consuming region,there occurred the Water-Rail Multimodal Transport.Railways connecting with ports especially seaports transport a great deal of coal flow yearly and become the main coal-transportation corridors,such as Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway,Shenfu-Huahuang Railway,Lanzhou-Lianyungang Railway,Beijing-Shanghai Railway,Nanjing-Xi＇an Railway.Most coal-loading ports are located in the north coast and the Yangtze River,especially Qinhuangdao Port,Tianjin Port and Huanghua Port with a large scale of loading coal,but most coal-unloading ports are located in the southeast coas

关 键 词：煤炭资源 流动格局 流场特征 流动轨迹 

分 类 号：F426.21[经济管理—产业经济]