肝移植术后乙型肝炎病毒再感染的预防和处理  被引量:3

Prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reinfection after liver transplantation

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作  者:马毅[1] 邰强[1] 何晓顺[1] 王国栋[1] 胡安斌[1] 

机构地区:[1]中山大学附属第一医院器官移植中心,广州510080

出  处:《中华外科杂志》2009年第16期1209-1212,共4页Chinese Journal of Surgery

摘  要:目的探讨防治乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关性终末期肝病肝移植术后HBV再感染和复发的有效方法。方法对中山大学附属第一医院2001年3月至2007年3月收治的资料完整、术前存在HBV感染、术后存活超过6个月的316例成人肝移植患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究。根据术后免疫抑制方案不同,将患者分为两组:单纯使用拉米夫定组(单纯组,n=106)和联合使用小剂量乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)和拉米夫定组(联合组,n=210)。结果平均随访33.6个月,单纯组移植后1周内HBsAg转阴率为82.1%(87/106),HBV再感染率为17.0%(18/106),乙型肝炎复发率为11.3%(12/106),YMDD变异率为8.5%(9/106)。联合组移植后1周内HBsAg转阴率为91.0%(191/210),HBV再感率为6.2%(13/210),HBV复发率为3.8%(8/210),YMDD变异率为2.4%(5/210)。对于出现HBV再感染的患者则行乙型肝炎病毒耐药变异检测,并根据检测结果在应用HBIG和提高拉米夫定用量基础上加用阿德福韦或改用恩替卡韦等相应抗病毒药物,并采用加大HBIG用量的治疗方案,取得了较好的效果。结论小剂量HBIG和拉米夫定联合应用预防原位肝移植后HBV再感染疗效确切;对于HBV再感染的患者则应分别采用提高HBIG剂量、加用阿德福韦或改用恩替卡韦等措施;对证实为术后乙型肝炎复发患者,需同时应用合理的护肝药物、免疫调节和抗肝纤维化等治疗以促进移植肝组织学改善,恢复肝功能正常。Objective To investigate the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reinfection and recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for HBV related end-stage liver disease. Methods The clinical data of 316 patients undergoing allograft othotopic liver transplantation who lived more than 6 months and had HBV infection preoperative with complete data from March 2001 to March 2007 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. According to the HBV prevention stratery, these patients were divided into two groups : group with pure lamivudine ( LAM ) ( n = 106 ) and group with lamivudine plus intramuscular injection of low dose anti-hepatis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) (n = 210 ). Results Mean follow-up was 33.6 months. The rate of HBsAg negative conversion 1 week after OLT of the LAM group was 82. 1% (87/106), significantly lower than that of LAM + HBIG group [ 91.0% (191/210),P 〈 0.05] .The rates of HBV reinfection, HBV recurrence, and YMDD mutation of the lamivudine group was 17.0% (18/106) ,11.3% (12/106) and 8.5% (9/106) respectively,all significantly higher than those of LAM + HBIG group [6.2% (13/210),3.8% (8/210) and 2.4% (5/210) respectively,P 〈0.05 respectively]. All patients with HBV reinfection or HBV recurrence were treated with Adefovir,Entecavir or increased dose of HBIG and achieved better curative effect. Conclusions The therapy with high dose of HBIG combining with adefovir or enteeavir is better for patients who have HBV reinfection. Patients with HBV recurrence after OLT should be administrated reasonable liver aid, immunoloregulation and anti-hepatic fibrosis to abtain better transplant liver histological results and normal transplant liver function.

关 键 词:肝移植 肝炎 乙型 拉米夫定 治疗 

分 类 号:R686[医药卫生—骨科学]

 

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