濒危石斛兰开花与授粉生物学特性研究  

Studies on floral and pollination biology in endangered Dendrobium orchid

作　　者：李振坚[1] 王雁[1] 于耀[2] 张莹[3] 缪崑[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林业局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太原030801 [3]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2009年第6期43-45,49,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所专项基金(2060302);国家林业局"948"引进项目(2006-4-C07)

摘　　要：研究了14个石斛兰野生原种的开花特性与部分野生种的自交亲和力,结果表明:石斛兰不同种间单朵花期长短差异较大、为8～34 d不等,其中有4个种的单朵花期超过21 d;多数野生种的温室群体花期比原生地提前1～2个月,最早可提前到1月份;14个原种的平均单朵花期和显蕾期均为18 d,其中石斛兰的显蕾期较长;开花期间对6个石斛兰野生种进行自交,结果多数株间自交结实率高于株内自交,如鼓槌石斛和兜唇石斛的株间自花授粉结实率均超过80%,并显示,大苞鞘石斛的自交亲和力高、晶帽石斛的自交亲和力低。It was studied that floral biology of fourteen species and self-fruitfulness of six species in Dendrobium orchid. The results showed that flowering stage of several species was differenty from 8 to 34 days, flowering stage of four species were over 21 days. flowering stage of Most Dendrobium orchid were earlier 1-2 month in greenroom than in native area, the earliest January in advance. Bud stage of Dendrobium orchid was long, flowering stage and bud stage of 14 species was 18 days in anrage.Six Dendrobium orchid self-pollinated during flowering stage, self-compatibility among plants was apparently higher than inside plant in mostly species. Self-fruitfulness of Den.chrysotoxum and Den.aphyUum among plants was over 80%. Self- compatibility of Den.wardianum was highly, and self-compatibility of Den.crystallinum was lowly.

关 键 词：石斛兰 濒危 自交 花期 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]