从全混流反应器热稳定性的角度探讨高危工艺的危险性  

Study on the Danger of High-risk Process from Perspective of CSTR Thermal Stability

作　　者：徐辉波[1] 汪丽莉[1] 吴起[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省安全生产科学研究院,南京210042

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2009年第7期97-101,共5页China Safety Science Journal

摘　　要：通过对全混流反应器(CSTR)热平衡条件下多态的分析,探讨热稳定性条件,并对一级不可逆反应在CSTR中的热稳定性进行定性分析;探讨不同反应热和活化能对反应过程热稳定性的影响,及其对反应器发生"飞温"事故要求紧急停车时的控制要求的影响,进而从反应工程的角度对高危工艺的界定提出新的思路。分析结果表明,工艺的危险性不仅与工艺的种类相关,更与工艺本身的热力学、动力学特征密切相关。通过对高危工艺的热稳定状况的分析,能够动态地揭示其在温度扰动下发生"飞温"或"熄火"的过程,从本质上把握高危工艺潜在的危险性,并能有针对性地制定自动化改造方案,提高化工企业的本质安全度。Through the analysis of multi states of Continuous Stirring Tank Reactor（CSTR） under thermal equilibrium, the thermal stability conditions are discussed, and the stability of the first-order irreversible reaction in CSTR is qualitatively analyzed. Then, the effect of different reaction heat and activation energy on the thermal stability of reaction process and the controlling requirements of run-away reaction are also analyzed. The analysis shows that the risk of chemical process is not only related to its category, but also the thermodynamic and dynamics characteristic of the process itself. The discussion of thermal stability of high-risk process can reveal the developing of the run-away and extinction accidents, thus provides a profound understanding of the potential danger of high-risk process, which is helpful to make a more targeted automation retrofit solution and improve the inherent safety degree of chemical plants.

关 键 词：全混流反应器(CSTR) 热稳定性 高危工艺 飞温 熄火 自动化改造 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]