59例艾滋病职业暴露分析及处理  

Analysis and Management of 59 AIDS Occupational Exposure Cases

作　　者：陈燕清[1] 陈桂珍[1] 张复春[1] 黄丽芬[1] 吴茂盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市第八人民医院,广州510060

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2009年第8期939-940,935,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解艾滋病职业暴露现状,探讨职业暴露后实施预防措施的影响因素。方法对广州市第八人民医院2001-2008年发生的59例艾滋病职业暴露个案进行分析。结果59例艾滋病职业暴露个案中,暴露方式以针刺伤为主,有41例,占69.5%;其次是经皮肤或粘膜接触,有17例,占28.8%;仅有1例为抓伤,占1.7%。暴露级别一级23例,占39.0%;二级35例,占59.3%;三级1例,占1.7%。暴露源的病毒载量水平轻度2例,占3.4%;重度41例,占69.5%;暴露源不明16例,占27.1%。59例中26例(44.1%)采用药物进行预防用药,其中23例(39.0%)采用基本用药程序,3例(5.1%)采用强化用药程序。所有暴露者经6个月观察,随访检测结果均为阴性。结论医务人员对艾滋病患者和病毒携带者进行诊疗的过程中,应严格遵守安全防护措施,暴露后及时使用预防用药,可有效阻断发生艾滋病职业暴露后感染。Objective To get the message of current situation of AIDS occupational exposure and discuss factors influencing the post exposure prophylaxis. Method 59 AIDS occupational exposure cases occuring in the eighth people＇s hospital of Guangzhou from 2001 to 2008 were analysed. Result 41 cases had pricking wound, about 69.5% of the total, 17 cases （28.8%） were exposed from skin or mucous membrane contact and only 1 case （1.7%） had scratching. Overall, 23 cases （39.0%） were grade 1 exposure, 35 cases（59.3%） were grade 2 exposure, and 1 cases （1.7%） was grade 3 exposure. 2 case of the exposure source had low viral load （3.4%）, 41 cases of the exposure source had high viral load （69.5%）, and 16 cases had undefined viral load （27.1%）. In the 59 cases, 26 cases （44.1%） used the medicine for the prevention treatment, of which 23 cases used the basic chemoprophylaxis, and 3 cases （5.1%） used the strengthened chemoprophylaxis. The follow-up observation was made after 6 months and the results were all negative. Conclusion Medical staff should keep protective measures strictly in the process of diagnosing and treating AIDS patients and HIV carriers. The timely using of chemoprophylaxis could block infection after occupational exposure effectively.

关 键 词：艾滋病 职业暴露 预防 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]