含沙铝热剂对受爆炸作用有毒物质的SHS固化  

Solidification of Toxic Materials Under Explosion by SHS Method of Sand-Containing Thermite

作　　者：张松林[1,2] 张庆明[1] 李文杰[2,3] 王新征[2] 田梅[2] 秦志桂[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081 [2]西北核技术研究所,陕西西安710024 [3]山东理工大学机电学院,山东青岛266510

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报》2009年第7期574-578,583,共6页Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology

摘　　要：为了固化在爆炸作用下飞散的有毒物质，采用了在含有有毒物质的爆炸装置周围铺设含沙铝热剂粉末而实现自蔓延高温合成（SHS）固化的方法，进行了含沙铝热剂粉末对爆炸驱动的有毒物质封闭固化的原理分析和模拟实验、固化体中有毒物质浸出率的模拟实验等．结果表明，含沙铝热剂粉末可以有效封闭和固化有毒物质；固化体中示踪元素锶、铒、铈的浸出率为10^-7～10^-9g·cm^-2·d^-1量级；X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察发现，固化体中含有示踪元素锶、铒、铈的硅酸盐晶体，晶体周围分布着大量玻璃体．SHS solidification containing thermite around method for toxic materials under explosion is applied by setting sand- the explosion apparatus containing toxic materials. The mechanisms of confining and solidifying the toxic materials by the layer of sand-containing thermite powder are analyzed and experimented. The leach rates of the solidification form are measured. The results showed that the toxic materials under explosion can be effectively confined and solidified and the leach rates of Sr, Ce and Er in the solidification form are on the order of 10^-7～10^-9g·cm^-2·d^-1. XRD and SEM indicate that Sr, Er and Ce exist in the form of silicate crystals surrounded by glass.

关 键 词：爆炸 有毒物质 含沙铝热剂 SHS固化 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程]