北京地区养猪相关职业人群乙型肝炎病毒感染调查  

Survey of hepatitis B viral infection among workers related to swine-raising in Beijing

作　　者：高培[1] 黎新宇[1] 王全意[1] 林长缨[1] 韩莉莉[1] 黄芳[1] 刘秀军[2] 甘亚弟[3] 张松健[4] 杜志忠[5] 唐雅清[6] 

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013 [2]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心 [4]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心 [5]北京市平谷区疾病预防控制中心 [6]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2009年第4期162-164,共3页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的调查研究养猪相关职业人群乙型肝炎病毒感染情况。方法2007年在北京市顺义、昌平、通州、大兴、平谷5个区采用横断面调查的方法,调查屠宰场、养殖场和散养户家庭养猪相关从业人员,记录职业情况并采集血清标本,采用雅培微粒子酶免疫测定方法检测乙肝5项。结果在264例养猪相关职业人群中,HBsAg阳性率为4.55%,感染主要集中在青壮年组,45岁～组表面抗原阳性率最高为15.79%,外地户籍调查对象的HBsAg阳性率明显高于本市对象。Anti-HBc阳性率为41.67%,其中养殖场人员Anti-HBc阳性率最高(52.17%),显著高于散养户(48.00%)和屠宰厂职工(31.67%);北京地区猪养殖、屠宰业人员HBsAg阳性率与1992年全人群调查结果相比降低趋势已十分明显,但上述人群的HBsAg阳性率仍高于2006年北京市人群乙肝血清流行病学研究的水平。结论养猪业相关职业人群具有特殊的职业特征。年龄、职业、户籍等因素对乙型肝炎感染有一定的影响;猪养殖、屠宰等相关从业人员仍是该市病毒性肝炎防治的重点人群。Objective To investigate hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection among people occupationally exposed to swine-raising in Beijing.nethods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shunyi, Changping, Tongzhou, Daxing and Pinggu districts of Beijing during 2007. People working in slaughterhouses and swine-raising farms and living in families with swine-raising were surveyed for their history of occupation, and their blood specimens were collected for testing HBV infection indicators with microparticle enzyme immunoassay （MEIA） by Abbott Laboratories, including HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc. Results Among 264 people occupationally exposed to swine-raising related work, overall serum prevalence was 4.55 percent, 40.53 percent and 41.67 percent for positive HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc, respectively. Serum HBsAg was mainly detected among young adults with the highest prevalence of 15.7 percent in 45-years group, which was higher in migrants from other provinces than those of local residents. Workers in swine-raising farms had higher prevalence of positive anti-HBc （52.17%） than those in slaughterhouse （31.67%） and in families with swine-raising （48.00%）. Serum prevalence of positive HBsAg among workers in swine-raising farms and slaughterhouses of Beijing decreased significantly now, as compared to that in the National Population-based Viral Hepatitis Survey in 1992 （adjusted prevalence of 6.01% ）, but was still higher than that in Seroepidemiological Survey on Hepatitis B in Beijing 2006 （ adjusted prevalence of 3.02 % ）. Conclusions Occupation related to swine-raising, as well as employees＇ age and residence area, associated with hepatitis B infection, so those employed at swine-raising farms and slaughterhouses should be the focus target for hepatitis B prevention and control.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 养猪职业人群 微粒子酶免疫试验 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]