浅静脉留置针污染的病原学调查及预防对策  

Etiology Investigation and Preventive Measures for Pollution of Venous Indwelling Needle

作　　者：郑锡莉[1] 钱小毛[2] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴第二医院手术室,浙江绍兴312000 [2]绍兴第二医院.检验科,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2009年第16期2109-2111,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的调查浅静脉留置针细菌污染情况,探讨相关的预防对策。方法采用回顾性调查,对静脉留置针细菌培养结果、护理操作中存在的问题进行分析。结果2006-2007年送检的留置针细菌培养标本,总阳性率20.2%,2007年阳性率明显低于2006年阳性率(2χ=7.66,P<0.01);共检出各种病原菌79株,其中革兰阳性球菌41株,占51.9%,革兰阴性杆菌36株,占45.6%,真菌2株,占2.5%;导管相关感染知识的缺乏,无菌操作不严,留置期间套管口保护性措施不够,留置时间过长等是导致留置针感染的主要原因。结论加强对医护人员的职业培训,规范置管护理和无菌操作,控制留置时间等,是减少留置针污染的有效措施。OBJECTIVE To investigate the pollution of venous indwelling needle and to discuss the preventive measures. METHODS A retrospective investigation was conducted on the results of germ culture of venous indwelling needle and the problems in nursing manipulation. RESULTS The total positive rate of venous indwelling needle cultures isolated from 2006 to 2007 was 20.2%, the positive rate in 2007 was lower than that in 2006（Х^2 = 7.66, P〈0. 01）. Seventy-nine strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected. There were 41 strains of Grampositive cocci（51.9%）, 36 strains of Gram-negative bacilli（45.6%） and 2 strains of fungi（2. 5M）. The lack of catheterization infection knowledge, undemanding aseptic operation, inadequate measures to protect nozzle in indwelling period, and long stay of indwelling were the main causes of indwelling needle infection. CONCLUSIONS Strengthening vocational training of indwelling catheter nursing, aseptic operation and indwelling time are the effective measures to reduce the pollution of venous indwelling needle.

关 键 词：静脉留置针 病原学 污染 预防对策 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]