利用单向有性多倍化改良马铃薯的蛋白质含量  

Improvement of Potato Protein Content Using Unilateral Sexual Polyploidization

作　　者：邱彩玲[1,2] 白雅梅[3] 吕文河[1] 徐学谱 李勇[2] 吕典秋[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院植物脱毒苗木研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [4]大兴安岭地区农业科学研究所,黑龙江加格达奇165000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2009年第4期23-26,共4页Crops

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)"优质抗病马铃薯倍性育种技术研究与应用"(2002AA207011)

摘　　要：马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)蛋白质必需氨基酸平衡,通过育种手段提高其蛋白质含量将有助于改善人们的健康水平。本试验试图采用4x-2x组合方式进行有性多倍化,向普通马铃薯转移存在于二倍体栽培种Solanum phureja和S.phureja-S.stenotomum(PHU-STN)杂种中的高蛋白基因。4x-2x四倍体杂种无性一代种植在哈尔滨和加格达奇,以早熟鲜食马铃薯品种克新4号及中晚熟高淀粉马铃薯品种克新12号为对照,评价其蛋白质含量。在14个组合中,04H19、04H21、04H23和04H17蛋白质含量(干基)均高于克新4号和克新12号,但它们只和克新12差异显著;当以鲜基表示蛋白质含量时组合间差异不显著。无论是以鲜基还是以干基为基础表示蛋白质含量均能从4x-2x四倍体后代中鉴定出高蛋白质的无性系。这些材料为进一步选择或当作亲本改良马铃薯蛋白质含量提供了物质基础。Essential amino acids in the protein of potato （Solanum tuberosum L. ）are balanced and increasing its protein content by breeding effort is helpful for improvement of human health. In this research, transfer of high protein genes in the cultivated diploid potato Solanum phureja and S. phureja-S, stenotomum （PHU-STN） hybrid into the common potato was attempted by unilateral sexual polyploidization in 4x-2x crosses. The 4x-2x tetraploid proge- nies in the first colonal generation were grown in two locations, Harbin and Jiagedaqi, Heilongjiang province, and evaluated for their crude protein content using the early table potato cultivar Kexin 4 and middle late starch potato cultivar Kexin 12 as controls. The protein content based on dry weight in 04H19,04H21,04H23 and 04H17 out of 14 cross combinations was all higher than in both controls, but only significantly higher than the cultivar Kexin 12.No significant difference was found among crosses for protein content when expressed based on fresh weight. Regardless of expression of the protein content based on dry weigh or fresh weight, high protein clones could be identified in 4x-2x tetraploid progenies. These materials are valuable for further selection or used as parents in next cycle of breeding effort for high protein.

关 键 词：SOLANUM TUBEROSUM S.phureja S.phureja-S.stenotomum杂种 4x-2x杂交 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]