橡胶人工林生态系统氮素循环模型  

The Nitrogen Cycling Model of Rubber Plantation Ecosystem

作　　者：赵春梅[1,2] 蒋菊生[3] 曹建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南儋州571737 [2]海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南儋州571737 [3]海南农垦科技创新中心,海口571026

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2009年第3期66-70,共5页Forest Resources Management

摘　　要：根据海南儋州地区不同树龄PR107无性系橡胶人工林生态系统养分循环规律,应用系统动力学原理,构建了土壤、胶树和凋落物层3个分室之间的养分循环分室模型及其微分方程组,并测定了各分室中氮素（N）现存量、流通量和流通率。结果表明：1）土壤、胶树、凋落物层中氮素现存量的平均值分别为3069.61kg/（hm^2·a）,580.22 kg/（hm^2·a）,62.94 kg/（hm^2·a）,随着树龄的增加（4-24a）,土壤中氮素现存量变化为先减少后增加,胶树、凋落物中氮素贮存量则呈逐年增加的趋势;2）土壤、胶树、凋落物分室之间氮素流通量变化规律为吸收量、归还量、分解量都随树龄增加而逐渐增大,而胶乳中氮素流失量在24a有所下降;3）氮素在土壤、胶树与凋落物层各分室之间的流通率大小各不相同,4-24a胶树的吸收系数为0.0640-0.1588,并随树龄增加呈指数递增的趋势,归还系数、分解系数、流失系数的平均值分别为0.1335,0.6621,0.0279。此外,本文所建分室模型可以实现对橡胶林生态系统养分动态的精确模拟和预测,并可望用于指导人工施肥。Based on nitrogen（N） nutrient cycling of the rubber （Hevea brasiliensis） plantation of Clone PR107 under different ages（4a--24a）and by means of systematical dynamics principle, the models of three compartments including rubber tree, soil and litter were constructed. Meanwhile, the storage, flux and rate of the nitrogen cycling were measured in each compartment. It showed that： 1 ） the nitrogen storage in the compartment of soil, rubber tree and litter was 3069.61 kg/（hm^2·a）, 580.22 kg/ （hm^2·a）, 62.94 kg/（hm^2·a）, respectively.And the trend of the nitrogen storage was increased after declined in the soil,but keeping increasing in the plant and litter; 2）there was a different flux rule in the three compartments. It was that the nutrient absorption, litter decompose and return increased with age growth, while the loss of nitrogen in the rubber latex was related with the production of the rubber latex; 3） the flux rate of nitrogen cycling was different in the soil, rubber tree and litter. The absorption coefficient rose with increasing age and ranged from 0.0640-0.1588. In addition, the return and decompose coefficient was 0.1335 and 0. 6621, the loss coefficient of rubber latex just was 0.0279, which suggests relatively small loss of nitrogen in the rubber latex. Moreover, the research could provide im- portant basic data for nutrient management of this tyoe of plantation.

关 键 词：橡胶人工林 氮素循环 分室模型 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]