杂交籼稻稻米外观品质性状杂种优势及其与亲本间分子遗传距离的相关性  

ANALYSIS ON GENETIC DISTANCE BASED ON SSR MARKER AS RELATED TO GRAIN APPEARANCE QUALITY TRAITS IN RICE HYBRID PROGENIES F_1

作　　者：雷东阳[1,2] 谢放鸣[2] 陈立云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水稻科学研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]国际水稻研究所

出　　处：《核农学报》2009年第4期536-541,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国际水稻研究所资助项目(PB021A00001008);国家"863"计划资助项目(2006AA100101);国家公派留学基金资助项目(20073021)

摘　　要：用IR75589-31S、IR60、IR70和选取的90个RILs和ILs进行不完全双列杂交,以获得的270个杂交组合为材料,对杂交稻米外观品质性状杂种优势表现及其与亲本间分子遗传距离的关系进行了研究。就杂交组合外观品质性状相对优势而言,除粒长宽比以外,其他外观品质性状的中亲优势都表现为正向组合个数大于负向个数。杂种稻米外观品质性状表现的差异因性状而异,以垩白度的变异系数最大,杂种米粒垩白度、粒长、粒宽和粒长宽比普遍介于双亲之间。SSR分子标记遗传距离与杂种稻米外观品质相关性状杂种优势关系分析表明,亲本间的遗传距离在0.2914到0.4205之间,平均遗传距离为0.3520;杂交亲本遗传距离与外观品质性状间的相关系数偏小,分别为-0.0307、0.1358和-0.1408,均未达到显著水平,外观品质性状杂种优势与亲本间的遗传差异大小无关。根据以上结果,本研究所筛选的SSR标记难以预测杂交稻外观品质性状杂种优势,利用DNA分子标记遗传距离来预测杂种优势的可能性还有待于进一步探讨。93 parents including IR75589-31S,IR60,IR70 and ninety recombinant inbred lines or advanced backcrossing introgression lines with different indica-japonica degrees were chosen to analyze relationship between genetic distance on SSR marker and the heterosis of rice grain appearance quality traits of grain length（GL）,grain width（GW）,grain length/width ratio（LWR） and chalkiness degree（CD） in rice hybrid.Based on the relative heterosis for all characters in all hybrids,the frequency of positive mid-parent heterosis was higher than that of negative mid-parent heterosis except for LWR. Grain appearance quality among F1 hybrids varied significantly with greatest variation on CD. The performance of most F1 hybrids for all the 4 characters was between the low-value parent and high-value parent. F1 were found to be highly correlated with the male parent, female parent and average of the parents for all the 4 characters. The genetic distance of the rice parents and the relativity analysis were determined using SSR markers. The genetic distance between 3 female and 90 male based on 161 SSR markers varied in the range from 0.2914 to 0.4205 with an average of 0.3520. The relative coefficients between SSR genetic distance and heterosis of 4 grain appearance traits were partial to small （CD = -0.0307, GL = -0. 1358, GW = 0.1147, LWR = - 0.1408）. The genetic distance of rice parents selected and the grain appearance heterosis was not significantly correlated, and because of this SSR markers selected in this study couldn＇t predict rice appearance quality heterosis. According to the results, SSR markers selected could not predict the heterosis of rice grain appearance quality traits. Searching the potential to use genetic distance of DNA molecular marker to predict the heterosis needs further studied.

关 键 词：杂交稻 外观品质性状 杂种优势 分子标记 遗传距离 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]