水稻高效花药培养技术体系的构建  

Construction of Highly Efficient Technology System of Anther Culture on Rice

作　　者：王伍梅[1] 台德卫[1] 张效忠[1] 钱征[1] 林翠香 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第16期65-68,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金粳稻光温敏核质互作不育系(SA)的构建及育性机理研究(30771379)

摘　　要：为提高水稻花药培养效果,产生大量的花粉植株,以多年的试验并结合多方面的研究结果,论述了水稻花药培养各个环节中的关键技术,创建了通常情况下的一套水稻高效花药培养技术体系。系统着重于在利用基因型的选择和基本培养基的交叉使用以提高花药愈伤组织诱导率的前提下,在其他的每个环节,尤其是壮苗和室内移植管理技术方面进行了优化改进。主要措施为:通过对不同水稻材料的初步花培试验,筛选出愈率和绿苗分化率高的用作花培材料做重点培养;N6、M8和MS培养基交叉使用以适应基因型对培养基的选择作用;对于粳稻或籼粳交后代,诱导激素仅用2,4-D,分化激素仅用6-BA是可行的;适时、适期取样、接种和转移愈伤组织,并适温培养;及时去除或转移褐变的愈块,适时分苗、分根,避免污染,加强室内移植管理,绿苗移栽成活率可达95%以上。In order to enhance the efficiency of anther culture of rice and culture a large of green plant of pollen, some critical technologies of anther culture was discussed through the effects of our trails and other studies of anther culture on rice, and then a highly efficient technology system of anther culture on rice for common condition was Constructed. This system suggested that, in the condition of enhancing the Callus inducting rate in the way of the selection of gene types and alternate using of induction media, improve on other techniques specially the techniques of plant conducted and managements of green plantlet planting in room and then improving the plant regeneration rate and living rate of green plantlet planting. The main methods as follows： Select the rice with high Callus inducting rate and the plant regeneration rate as anther culture material. The anther culture medium of N6, M8 and MS should be used flexible. 2,4-D as inducting hormone and 6-BA as the plant regeneration hormone for the japonica rice or indica/japonica rice were feasible. Select suitable time and phase to sample, inoculate and divert the callus, then culture in suitable temperature. Wipe off or divert the browning callus timely, green plantlet and root division should be in suitable time and must avoid pollution, while green plantlet to transplant, should be strengthened management, as a result, the living rate of green plantlet planting were over 95%.

关 键 词：花药培养 水稻 技术体系 绿苗移栽成活率 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]