基于线粒体DNA控制区序列变异探讨黑龙江和图们江细鳞鲑属鱼类的分类地位  

STUDY ON THE TAXONOMIC STATUS OF SPECIES OF BRACHYMYSTAX IN HEILONGJIANG RIVER AND TUMEN RIVER SYSTEMS BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL CONTROL REGION SEQUENCE

作　　者：马波[1] 姜作发[1] 霍堂斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《动物分类学报》2009年第3期499-506,共8页Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C200507);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2007HSYZX-ZH-24)资助

摘　　要：基于细鳞鲑属Brachymystax鱼类的线粒体DNA控制区基因序列变异,对分布于黑龙江水系中国境内的尖吻细鳞鲑(sharp-snouted lenok)和钝吻细鳞鲑(blunt-snouted lenok),及分布于图们江的图们江细鳞鲑B.tumensis进行分子系统关系研究,为进一步确定黑龙江水系2种细鳞鲑的分类学地位、有效命名及图们江细鳞鲑物种地位性提供分子生物学依据。分布于黑龙江水系的细鳞鲑种群在系统发育树中明显构成2个独立的进化分支,分别对应可经形态鉴别而差异显著的尖吻细鳞鲑和钝吻细鳞鲑,平均序列分歧为1.9%,在属内已达到种间分化水平;图们江细鳞鲑与尖吻细鳞鲑的呼玛河、乌苏里江、奎勒河等种群共同构为1个进化分支,与尖吻细鳞鲑的序列分歧(平均为1.2%)远低于与钝吻细鳞鲑的序列分歧(平均为2.2%)。结合形态学的初步研究结果(图们江细鳞鲑的主要形态特征偏向于尖吻细鳞鲑),不支持图们江细鳞鲑独立种的分类地位,建议为尖吻细鳞鲑B.lenok的同物异名,也不支持普遍认为的钝吻细鳞鲑的有效学名为B.tumensis,其有效命名还待商榷,暂属未定名种。综上所述,基于基因序列分析的遗传学结果进一步验证了形态学的分类结论,即在黑龙江水系细鳞鲑属有2个独立的种,分别为尖吻细鳞鲑B.lenok和钝吻细鳞鲑B.sp.,而图们江细鳞鲑B.tumensis应归为尖吻细鳞鲑B.lenok的同物异名。Phylogenetic analysis was carried out for the sharp-snouted lenok and the blunt-snouted lenok distributed in Heilongjiang River system and B.tumensis from Tumen River based on the partial sequence of mitochondrial control region.Moreover,the evidence for genetic research on taxonomic status and applicability of the names for 2 species of Brachymystax,and B.tumensis in Tumen River as a valid species were supplied.Our data supports two independent evolutionary lineages in phylogenetic tree of Brachymystax fishes for -lenok populations in Heilongjiang River system, which corresponds with the two phenotypically recongnizable forms of sharp-snouted lenok and blunt-snouted lenok with two very distinct external morphological characters, the genetic distance between these two independent evolutionary lineages was 1.9% with variation much above a normal species＇divergence, B. twnensis in Tumen River and sharp snouted lenok populations from Huma River, Wusuli River and Kuile River form a monophyletic group, which had a genetic distance 1.2% with sharp-snouted lenok, far below the divergence of 2.2% with blunt-snouted lenok. Together with morphological characters （its external morphology is more like sharp-snouted lenok ）, our results don＇t support B. twnensis in Tureen River as a independent species, we suggest that B. tumensis is a synonym of B. lenok, and our results even don＇t supported assigned blunt-shouted lenok is B. twnensis, and its effective sdentific name still needs further research. Our molecular results support the taxonomic diversion of two genetic lineages of lenok, that＇s to say, there is 2 independent spedes of Brachymystax in Heilongjiang River, which is B. lenok （sharp-snouted lenok） and B. sp. （blunt-snouted lenok）, and B. turnesis is a synonym of B. lenok.

关 键 词：尖吻细鳞鲑 钝吻细鳞鲑 图们江细鳞鲑 控制区序列 分类地位 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]