北京山地几种针叶林土壤酶特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系  

Characteristics of soil enzymes and their relationship with physicochemical properties in coniferous forest soils in Beijing mountainous area

作　　者：薛文悦[1] 戴伟[1] 王乐乐[2] 戚俊[1] 李晓红 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院 [2]北京市农林科学院 [3]河北省围场满族蒙古族自治县水务局

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2009年第4期90-96,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家林业局林业公益性行业科研专项项目(200804022)

摘　　要：为探讨北京山地森林土壤酶特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系并进一步评价其肥力水平,对北京雾灵山、十三陵地区和密云水库区的落叶松、侧柏、白皮松和油松4种针叶林下不同层次土壤的脲酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性及其动力学特征进行了分析,并利用相关分析和主成分分析等数学方法,研究了其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明:不同林型下土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶的活性、酶促反应的最大速度(Vmax)、酶促反应速度反映指标(Vmax/Km)都随土层深度的增加而减小,米氏常数(Km)无规律变化;各林型间土壤酶特征参数变化各异,表现出不同的酶促反应特点;土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶的活性、Vmax、Vmax/Km等特征参数和土壤有机质、全氮量等主要理化性质密切相关,作为反映土壤肥力的指标是可行的,而多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶的各项参数都不适宜评价土壤肥力状况;通过计算系统内主成分综合得分,4种林型下土壤的肥力水平依次为:落叶松林>侧柏林>白皮松林>油松林。In order to explore the relationship of soil enzymes with physicochemical properties in forest soils to evaluate soil fertility, the activity and kinetic characteristics of enzymes （urease, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, catalase） were studied in different soil layers under four kinds of coniferous forests （ Larix principisrupprechtiii, Platycladus orientalis, Pinus bungeana, Pinus tabulaeformis ）. The study area is located in Beijing Wuling Mountain, Shisanling Region and Miyun Reservoir. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis （PCA） were used to reveal the relationship between soil enzymes and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that the activity, Vmax and Vmax/Km of urease and catalase decreased with the increase of soil depth, but Km varied irregularly with soil depth; the parameters of soil enzymes varied in different forest types, indicating different characteristics of soil enzyme reaction ;the activity, Vmax and Vmax/Km of urease and catalase had significant correlations with soil organic matter content, total nitrogen content and other physicochemical properties,thus the activity, Vmax= and Vmax/Km of urease and catalase can be used to indicate soil fertility levels, while those of polypenol oxidase and peroxidase cannot. The integrated scores from PCA suggested that the soil fertility levels of four orientalis 〉 P. bungeana 〉 P. tabulaeformis.

关 键 词：针叶林 土壤酶特征 土壤理化性质 相关分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]