健康幼儿流感嗜血杆菌携带状况初查  

A screening on the carrier of Haemophilus influenzae in healthy children

作　　者：王复甦[1] 徐丹戈[2] 徐宝祥[1] 倪志敏[2] 方叶珍[2] 叶菊莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051 [2]杭州市江干区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《疾病监测》2009年第7期498-500,共3页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：浙江省卫生厅立项课题

摘　　要：目的以杭州市江干区为试点开展婴幼儿流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus influenzae,Hi)携带状况的调查工作,为获得浙江省Hi携带状况的系统资料积累经验和数据,同时也为防治Hi相关疾病提供资料。方法分6月龄至1周岁、1～2周岁、2～5周岁3个年龄组采集婴幼儿咽拭子,进行Hi的分离与鉴定。对Hi分离株进行血清分型和生化分型,并分析对12种抗生素的敏感性试验和青霉素酶产生试验。结果在101份健康幼儿咽拭标本中,分离到21株Hi,Hi总带菌率20.8%;其中Hib及Hia(f)血清型各1株,带菌率均为1.0%;其他19株为不可分型株(NTHi),带菌率18.8%。咽部分离的Hi对12种临床常用抗生素耐药程度以复方新诺明最高(耐药率为57.1%),其次分别为四环素(14.3%)、头孢克洛(9.5%)和氨苄西林(4.8%)。对阿莫西林-克拉维酸、环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢呋肟钠、头孢曲松、阿奇霉素、利福平、氯霉素100%敏感;21株Hi仅1株NTHi产青霉素酶,产酶率为4.8%。结论健康幼儿Hi带菌以NTHi为主,大多不产青霉素酶。Objective To investigate the carry status of Haemophilus influenzae （Hi） among healthy children in Jianggan district of Hangzhou city, provide data for prevention and management of Hi related diseases and contribute the concerning information that would be shared by the whole city. Methods Throat swabs were applied on 101 healthy children aged in 3 groups： 6 months to 1 year old, 1 to 2 years old and 2 to 5 years old. Hi strains were isolated and identified. The Hi strains thus obtained were sub-classified by both serotyping and biochemical methods, and subject to test for sensitivity to twelve antibiotics and production of penicillinase. Results Of 101 throat swab samples from healthy children, 21 strains of Hi were isolated with the overall Hi carrying rate of 20.8%, among which 19 strains belonged to non-typed serotypes （NTHi） except for 1 strain of Hib and 1 strain of Hia （f）. The Hi isolated strains from throat were tested for drug sensitivity to 12 different antibiotics that were frequently used in clinics, the highest degree of resistance was found to cotrimoxazole （57.1%）, which was followed by tetracycline （14.3%）, cefaclor （9.5%） and Ampicillin （4.8%）. On the other hand, all the strains were sensitive to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime sodium, ceftriaxone, azitromycin, rifampicin and chloramphenicol. Only one strain of NTHi was detected to produce penicillinase （4.8 % ）. Conclusion NTHi was dominant in the Hi strains isolated from healthy children throats, majority of which did not produce penicillinase.

关 键 词：流感嗜血杆菌 带菌调查 分型 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]